J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2025, Vol. 204: 204-223.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.04.007

• Review Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research progress of structural regulation and composition optimization to strengthen absorbing mechanism in emerging composites for efficient electromagnetic protection

Pengfei Yina, Di Lanb, Changfang Lua, Zirui Jiac,*, Ailing Fengd,*, Panbo Liue, Xuetao Shie, Hua Guoe, Guanglei Wuc,*, Jian Wanga,*   

  1. aCollege of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China;
    bSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China;
    cInstitute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
    dInstitute of Physics & Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721016, China;
    eShaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
  • Received:2024-03-03 Revised:2024-04-08 Accepted:2024-04-11 Published:2025-01-01 Online:2024-04-20
  • Contact: *E-mail addresses: jiazirui@qdu.edu.cn (Z. Jia), ailing@mail.xjtu.edu.cn (A. Feng), wuguanglei@qdu.edu.cn (G. Wu), 10902@sicau.edu.cn (J. Wang).

Abstract: With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment, excessive microwave radiation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to sophisticated electronic instruments. Therefore, the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation. However, traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges, and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages. In this review, several emerging composites of Mxene-based, biochar-based, chiral, and heat-resisting are discussed in detail, including their synthetic strategy, structural superiority and regulation method, and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption capacity. These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites. Moreover, the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.

Key words: Microwave absorption, Structural regulation, Performance optimization, Emerging composites, Synthetic strategy