Large magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance in ErNi single crystal

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.12.072

Abstract

Abstract:

The magnetic properties, magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance in ErNi single crystal have been investigated in detail. With decreasing temperature, ErNi single crystal undergoes two successive magnetic transitions: a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition at T_C =11 K and a spin-reorientation transition at T_SR = 5 K. Meanwhile, a sharp field-induced metamagnetic transition is observed below the T_C along the a axis. ErNi single crystal possesses a giant magnetocaloric effect around T_C. The maximum magnetic entropy change is -36.1 J (kg K) ^-1 along the a axis under the field change of 0-50 kOe. In particular, the rotating magnetocaloric effect in ErNi single crystal reaches its maximum under a relatively low field, and the maximum rotating entropy change with a value of 9.3 J (kg K) ^-1 is obtained by rotating the applied field from the [011] to [100] directions under 13 kOe. These results suggest that ErNi could be a promising candidate for magnetic refrigeration working at liquid-helium temperature region. Moreover, a complicated transport behavior is uncovered in ErNi single crystal, which is attributed to the complex magnetic states and magnetic polaronic effect. Both positive and negative magnetoresistance are observed. A considerable large magnetoresistance with the value of -34.5 % is acquired at 8 K under 50 kOe when the field is along the [100] direction.

Key words: Rare-earth transition-metal intermetallics, Magnetic refrigeration, Magnetocaloric effect, Magnetocrystalline anisotropy, Magnetoresistance

Xuanwei Zhao, Xianming Zheng, Xiaohua Luo, Fei Gao, Hai Zeng, Guang Yu, Sajjad Ur Rehman, Changcai Chen, Shengcan Ma, Weijun Ren, Zhenchen Zhong. Large magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance in ErNi single crystal[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 86: 56-63.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1. (a) and (b) Schematic diagrams of crystallographic structure of the RNi compounds which crystallize in the FeB-type structure. (c) The powder XRD pattern of ErNi compound recorded at room temperature. (d) The XRD pattern of the crystal. The inset is an image of ErNi crystal plane.

Fig. 2. (a) The temperature dependences of zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and field-cooling (FC) magnetization under H = 1 kOe for ErNi single crystal along the [100], [011] and $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ directions. (b) Magnetization hysteresis loops measured at 2 K. (c) The temperature dependence of specific heat of ErNi single crystal. (d) The temperature dependence of resistively of ErNi single crystal.

Fig. 3. (a)-(d) Magnetic field dependence of magnetizations at different temperatures along the [100], [011] and $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ directions, respectively. The magnetization curves shown in (b)-(d) are plotted in a temperature interval of 4 K for clarity.

Fig. 4. The temperature dependence of -ΔSM along the [100], [011] and $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ directions under various field changes.

Table 1 Transition temperature (TM, i.e., TC, TN or TSR), the maximum magnetic entropy change (ΔSmaxM) and the adiabatic temperature change (ΔTmaxad) under the field changes of 0-20 kOe and 0-50 kOe for ErNi single crystal together with other materials exhibiting large magnetocaloric response below 20 K.

Materials	T_M (K)	-ΔS^max_M (J (kg K)^-1)		ΔT^max_ad (K)		Refs.
Materials	T_M (K)	2 T	5 T	2 T	5 T	Refs.
ErNi (H // [100])	5, 11	23.4	36.1	7.6	14.4	This work
ErNi (poly)	7, 11		29.6		7.3	[31]
TmZn	8	19.6	26.9	3.3	8.6	[10]
TmGa	12, 15	20.6	34.2	5.0	9.1	[38]
TmCuAl	2.8	17.2	24.3	4.6	9.4	[39]
HoCuAl	11.2	17.5	30.6			[40]
HoCuSi	7	16.7	33.1			[9]
HoNiSi	3.8	19.0	28.4			[20]
HoNiAl	5, 14	12.3	23.6	4.0	8.7	[23]
GdCoC₂	15	16.0	28.4			[37]
ErMn₂Si₂	4.5	20.0	25.2	5.4	12.9	[41]
Gd₂FeAlO₆	<2	5.2	18.5			[42]
Gd₂ZnMnO₆	6.4		15.2			[14]
ErAl₂@Al₂O₃	20		14.3			[15]

Fig. 5. (a, b) The rotating magnetic entropy change$\Delta {{S}_{\text{R}}}$ induced by the rotation of the magnetic field from the [011] to [100] direction under the different fields. (c) The field dependence of $\Delta {{S}_{\text{R}}}$ under different temperatures. (d) The rotating magnetic entropy change $\Delta {{S}_{\text{R}}}$ induced by the rotation of the magnetic field from the [011] to $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ direction under the different fields. (e) The maximum rotating entropy changes for the materials reported previously under the different fields. The solid and the hollow symbols present the results under 20 kOe and 50 kOe, respectively.

Fig. 6. (a) The adiabatic temperature change of ErNi single crystal as a function of magnetic field at 12.5 K along the [100], [011] and $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ directions. (b) The adiabatic temperature change is related to the rotation of the field from the [011] to [100] direction at different temperatures.

Fig. 7. (a)-(c) Magnetic field dependences of magnetoresistance obtained in the temperature range of 2-12 K, with the current along the [100] and the magnetic fields applied parallel to the [100], [011] and $\left[ 0\bar{1}1 \right]$ directions, respectively. (d) The temperature dependence of magnetoresistance in a magnetic field of 50 kOe.

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