A new active NaVMoO6 cathode material for rechargeable Li ion batteries

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.06.022

Abstract

Abstract:

Brannerite-type NaVMoO₆ with vanadium (V⁵⁺) and molybdenum (Mo⁶⁺) elements in the highest valence states is synthesized by a sol-gel method using Na₂CO₃, NH₄VO₃, MoO₃ and citric acid reagents. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show that the obtained NaVMoO₆ sample is single-phase. Novel electrode material (NaVMoO₆) with layered structure is first utilized as cathode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The NaVMoO₆ electrode delivers reversible specific capacity of 126.4 mA h g^-1 at 5 mA g^-1 after 50 cycles. The stable structure of NaVMoO₆ is corroborated by ex-situ XRD, suggesting that this material is considered as a prospective cathode for LIBs. This studying enriches the possibilities of molybdenum-based materials as cathodes for LIBs.

Key words: Lithium-ion batteries, Cathode materials, Electrochemical properties, Storage mechanism

Chunmao Huang, Shenghong Liu, Yang Wang, Jingjie Feng, Yanming Zhao. A new active NaVMoO₆ cathode material for rechargeable Li ion batteries[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 66: 97-102.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1. (a, b) SEM images and elemental mapping (c) V, (d) Mo and (e) O of NaVMoO6.

Fig. 2. High resolution XPS peaks (a) V 2p and (b) Mo 3d of NaVMoO6.

Fig. 3. (a) Rietveld analysis of NaVMoO6 powder; (b) The schematic structures of NaVMoO6.

Table 1 Atomic sites (number of positions and Wyckoff ; notation) and coordinates x, y, z (in units of the lattice constants a = 9.4220 Å, b = 3.6560 Å and c = 7.2280 Å, β = 111.00) for NaVMoO6.

Atoms	Wyckoff ; site	x	z	Occupancy
Na1	2a	0.0000	0.0000	1
V1	4i	0.8152	0.3607	0.5
Mo1	4i	0.8152	0.3607	0.5
O1	4i	0.9766	0.3158	1
O2	4i	0.6786	0.1441	1
O3	4i	0.3071	0.4402	1

Table 2 Selected atom for NaVMoO6.

Bond type	Bond length/Å	Bond type	Bond length/Å	Bond type	Bond length/Å
Na(1)—O(1)	2.378(4)	—Na(1)O(2)	2.4523(25)	V(1)O—(1)	1.615(5)
V(1)—O(2)	1.639(4)	—V(1)O(3)	1.9415(18)	Mo(1)O—(1)	1.704(5)
Mo(1)—O(2)	1.639(4)	—MO(3)	1.9174(14)	Na(1)N—a(1)	3.65840(4)

Fig. 4. (a) The first, second, tenth and fiftieth cycles of galvanostatic discharge-charge curves of NaVMoO6 electrode. (b) The CV curves at 0.1 mV s-1 of NaVMoO6 electrode for the first three cycles. (c) The cycling stability measurements of NaVMoO6 electrode. (d) The EIS spectra of NaVMoO6 electrode before cycle, after 10 and 50 cycles.

Fig. 5. (a) The discharge-charge profiles of the NaVMoO6 electrode during the first cycle. (b) Ex-situ XRD patterns of the NaVMoO6 electrode at the selected states during the first cycle. (c) The zoom on the select regions of the ex-situ XRD pattern of the NaVMoO6 electrode.

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A new active NaVMoO₆ cathode material for rechargeable Li ion batteries

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