Microstructure-dependent oxidation behavior of Ni-Al single-crystal alloys

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.04.006

Abstract

Abstract:

The effect of the γ′+γ two-phase structure on the oxidation behaviors of Ni-Al single-crystal alloys at 650 °C was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. In the initial oxidation stage, the oxidation behavior is primarily determined by the growth pattern of oxides in the γ channel. The outward convex NiO was formed in unprotected wide γ channels. And Ni-Al spinel oxide provides a great number of short-circuit paths, accelerating the inward diffusion of oxygen and outward diffusion of Ni. In the late stage of oxidation, the elongated internal oxide in the large γ′ phase contributes to the diffusion of oxygen along the oxide/metal interface. Consequently, the Ni-Al single-crystal alloy with wide γ channels and large γ′ precipitates exhibited poor oxidation performance.

Key words: Ni-Al single-crystal alloys, γ′ Phase;, γ Phase;, Oxidation behavior

Jianlu Pei, Yefan Li, Chong Li, Zumin Wang, Yongchang Liu, Huijun Li. Microstructure-dependent oxidation behavior of Ni-Al single-crystal alloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 52: 162-171.

Figures/Tables 15

Table 1 Chemical composition of the alloy used for the oxidation experiments (at.%).

Al	Si	C	S	P	Ni
15.54	<0.005	<0.005	<0.003	<0.005	Bal.

Fig. 1. SEM images of the γ′+γ microstructure in (a) SCL alloy and (b) SCS alloy.

Table 2 Chemical compositions of the γ and γ′ phases in the SCL alloy and SCS alloy (at.%).

Element	SC_L alloy		SC_S alloy
Element	γ′	γ	γ′	γ
Ni	73.3	86.9	72.9	89.5
Al	26.7	13.1	27.1	10.5

Fig. 2. Mass change (a) and square of the mass change (b) of the SCL and SCS alloys versus the oxidation time (black and green dotted lines in (b) represent the fitted result of different oxidation stages).

Fig. 3. Surface morphologies of the SCS alloy (a-c) and SCL alloy (d-f) oxidized at 650 °C for 14 h (a, d), 54 h (b, e), and 100 h (c, f).

Fig. 4. Cross-sectional BSE morphologies of the SCS alloy (a-c) and SCL alloy (d-f) oxidized at 650 °C for 14 h (a, d), 54 h (b, e) and 100 h (c, f), respectively.

Fig. 5. XRD profiles of the oxidation-affected zones in SCL and SCS alloys oxidized at 650 °C for 14 h and 100 h.

Fig. 6. EDS line-scans of different areas (shown in Fig. 4(b)) in the SCS alloy oxidized at 650 °C for 54 h: (a) Line 1 and (b) Line 2.

Fig. 7. (a) Cross-sectional HRTEM image of Ni-rich nodular precipitate in SCL alloy (oxidized at 650 °C for 54 h) and (b) corresponding diffraction pattern of selected area in (a) (the red cross represents the selected area).

Fig. 8. TEM images of (a) the SCS alloy and (b) the SCL alloy oxidized at 650 °C for 54 h; (c) enlarged image of the region (black square) marked in (b); (d) enlarged image of the region (yellow square) marked in (b).

Fig. 9. SEM images of (a) the SCL alloy and (b) the SCS alloy oxidized at 650 °C for 30 min, respectively; (c) high magnification SEM image of the region (white square) marked in (a); (d) high magnification SEM image of the region (white square) marked in (b).

Fig. 10. AFM measurement of local morphology of the oxidized surfaces for (a) the SCL alloy and (b) the SCS alloy oxidized at 650 °C for 30 min.

Fig. 11. AES element-depth profiles of (a) SCS alloy and (b) SCL alloy oxidized at 650 °C for 30 min.

Fig. 12. Schematic of OAZ microstructures of (a-c) SCL alloy and (d-f) SCS alloy.

Fig. 13. IOZ thickness (X)2 as a function of the oxidation time (t) for the thermal oxidation of the SCL alloy and the SCS alloy (the solid lines represent the fitted results).

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