TiO2-based photocatalysts prepared by oxidation of TiN nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities under visible light illumination

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2017.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

To develop TiO₂-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst and TiN/TiO₂ composite photocatalysts through the modulation of the calcination time and temperature. It was found that more energy and processing time were needed to prepare N-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst than that of TiN/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst during this process, while TiN/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst had a better visible light absorption/photocatalytic performance than that of N-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst prepared from the oxidation of the same TiN precursor. Thus, the preparation of TiN/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst from TiN precursor should be a more preferred approach than the preparation of N-doped TiO₂ photocatalyst for visible-light-activated photocatalysis for its cost-effectiveness.

Key words: N-doped TiO₂, TiN/TiO₂, Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), Visible-light-activated photocatalysis

Chao Li, Weiyi Yang, Qi Li. TiO₂-based photocatalysts prepared by oxidation of TiN nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities under visible light illumination[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(6): 969-975.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig 1. Optical images of (a) commercial TiN nanoparticles and after calcination in air at 450 °C with treatment times of (b) 15 min, (c) 20 min, (d) 30 min, (e) 60 min and (f) 120 min.

Fig. 2. XRD patterns of as-prepared samples under temperature of (a) 350 °C, (b) 400 °C, (c) 450 °C and (d) 500 °C with different oxidation times (TiO2 (R): rutile TiO2).

Table 1 Average crystallite size, specific surface area, total pore volume, and average pore size of samples 400-60, 450-15 and 450-60.

Sample	Phase composition	Average crystallite size (nm)	Surface area (m² g^-1)	Total pore volume (cm³ g^-1)	Average pore size (nm)
400-60	TiN/TiO₂	16/8	52.01	0.1126	4.33
450-15	TiN/TiO₂	19/9	52.60	0.0933	3.55
450-60	TiO₂	24	48.00	0.1095	4.20

Fig. 3. TEM images of (a) commercial TiN nanoparticle, (b) sample 400-60, (c) sample 450-60, (d) sample 450-15; (e) HRTEM images of sample 450-15; (f) SAED pattern of sample 450-15.

Fig. 4. XPS survey spectrum (a, b) and high resolution XPS scans over N 1s peak (c, d) of samples (a, c) 450-15 and (b, d) 450-60.

Fig. 5. (a) UV-vis light absorbance spectrum of commercial TiN nanoparticle, sample 450-15 and sample 450-60 and (b) enlarged view of sample 450-60 compared with that of Degussa P25 TiO2 nanoparticles.

Fig. 6. (a) Residual Rhodamine B percentage vs. treatment time under visible light illumination for sample 450-15 and sample 450-60; (b) Survival ratio of E. coli cells vs. treatment time under visible light illumination for sample 450-15.

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TiO₂-based photocatalysts prepared by oxidation of TiN nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities under visible light illumination

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