ZnO induced self-crystallization of CsPb(Br/I)3 nanocrystal glasses with improved stability for backlight display application

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.12.060

Abstract

Abstract:

In the current situation of energy shortages, saving energy and reducing consumption are undoubtedly valid methods to relieve the pressure on resources. CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskites as star inorganic materials have drawn growing attention owing to their unique properties, making them suitable for applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, photodetectors, or lasers. This work presents zinc oxide (ZnO) induced self-crystallized CsPb(Br/I)₃ perovskite with a 26% photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) prepared by the traditional melt-quenching method. Furthermore, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) (34-44 nm) can be regulated by the ZnO content. In addition, as a downconverter, CsPb(Br/I)₃ perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) realize a bright red backlight that covers ≈ 94% Rec. 2020 standards in the CIE 1931 color space and 126% of National Television System Committee (NTSC). This finding undoubtedly confirms an effective path for fabricating perovskite materials in a green, low-cost, and time-saving way, enriching the knowledge of glass crystallization mechanisms and promoting their applications in wide color gamut backlights.

Key words: Perovskite glass, Self-crystallization, Backlight display

Qin Wang, Yao Tong, Meiting Yang, Hangtao Ye, Xiaojuan Liang, Xin Wang, Weidong Xiang. ZnO induced self-crystallization of CsPb(Br/I)₃ nanocrystal glasses with improved stability for backlight display application[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 121: 140-147.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1. Compositions of different molar content ZnO-induced self-crystallization CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glasses (mol.%).

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Fig. 1. (a) Photographs of self-crystallization CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs under daylight (white background) and UV light (black background). (b) PL spectra of R1-R4. (c) Absorption spectra of self-crystallization CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glasses (R1-R5).

Table 2. Different content of ZnO, emission wavelength, FWHM, and corresponding PLQY values of CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glasses.

Sample	Emission maximum (nm)	FWHM (nm)	PLQY (%)
R1	630.05 ± 2	34.38	10.6
R2	627.3 ± 2	35.84	26
R3	620.68 ± 2	36.57	16.7
R4	619.89 ± 2	44.49	9.7

Fig. 2. (a) FTIR spectra of R2, R4, and R5. (b) Crystal structure diagram of CsPbX3 NCs. (c, d) Simulation diagram of glass network structure.

Fig. 3. (a-c) TEM images of R2, R4, and R5 NCs glasses by self-crystallization. (d-f) HRTEM images of R2, R4, and R5 NCs glasses. (g-j) EDS mapping images of Cs, Pb, Br, and I of self-crystallization CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glass.

Fig. 4. (a-c) Histograms of size distribution of R2, R4, and R5 NCs glasses. (d) XRD patterns of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5.

Fig. 5. XPS spectra of (a) B 1 s, (b) Si 2p, and (c) Zn 2p. (d-f) SEM patterns and (g-i) cross-section SEM patterns of R2, R4, and R5 ZnO induced self-crystallization of CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glasses.

Fig. 6. (a) Normalized PL intensity for R2 sample vs storing times in water. For comparison, the water resistance of corresponding colloidal NCs was also examined. (b) Ratio of emission intensity to an original intensity between ten cycles of 30 °C to 200 °C. (c) Time-dependent PL intensity as the red-emitting perovskite R2 sample vs CsPb(Br/I)3 colloidal NCs exposed to continuous 2 W LED in air. (d) Lead concentration in solution after 60 days’ water-resistance of R2.

Fig. 7. EL spectra of (a) the wLED. (b) wLED devices based on R2 after operating voltage at 5.0 V for 1 h and 60 h. (c) backlight image. (d) CIE color coordinates of the wLED containing R2 (red triangle), NTSC (blue triangle), and Rec. 2020 standard (white triangle).

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ZnO induced self-crystallization of CsPb(Br/I)₃ nanocrystal glasses with improved stability for backlight display application

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Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7

Samples	SiO₂	B₂O₃	ZnO	PbI₂	NaI	PbBr₂	NaBr	Cs₂CO₃
R1	20	27	20	5	9	2	5	7
R2	20	27	13	5	9	2	5	7
R3	20	27	10	5	9	2	5	7
R4	20	27	7	5	9	2	5	7
R5	20	27	4	5	9	2	5	7