Magnetic NiFe2O4/Polypyrrole nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.08.049

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2022, Vol. 108: 64-72.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.08.049

• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles

Magnetic NiFe₂O₄/Polypyrrole nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

Jiang Guo^a^,^*(), Xu Li^a, Zhuoran Chen^a, Jianfeng Zhu^a, Xianmin Mai^b^,^*(), Renbo Wei^c^,^*(), Kai Sun^d, Hu Liu^e, Yunxia Chen^f^,^*(), Nithesh Naik^g, Zhanhu Guo^h^,^*()

^aSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
^bSchool of Urban Planning and Architecture, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
^cSchool of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
^dCollege of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China
^eKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
^fSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, 201306, China
^gDepartment of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
^hIntegrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

Received:2021-06-04 Revised:2021-08-21 Accepted:2021-08-21 Published:2021-10-23 Online:2021-10-23
Contact: Jiang Guo,Xianmin Mai,Renbo Wei,Yunxia Chen,Zhanhu Guo
About author:zguo10@utk.edu (Z.Guo).
chenyx@sdju.edu.cn (Y. Chen),
weirb10@nwu.edu.cn (R. Wei),
maixianmin@foxmail.com (X. Mai),
* E-mail addresses: jguo@sust.edu.cn (J. Guo),

Abstract

Abstract:

NiFe₂O₄/polypyrrole (NiFe₂O₄/PPy) nanocomposites are prepared by a simple surface-initiated polymerization method and demonstrate negative permittivity in the low frequency regions. These nanocomposites also exhibit significantly enhanced electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption property in the high frequency regions. Compared with pure PPy, the enhanced negative permittivity is observed in the NiFe₂O₄/PPy nanocomposites with a NiFe₂O₄ loading of 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 wt%, indicating the formation of metal-like electrical conducting network in NiFe₂O₄/PPy nanocomposites. Moreover, the negative permittivity could be tuned by changing the NiFe₂O₄ loading. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of -40.8 dB is observed in the 40.0 wt% NiFe₂O₄/PPy composites with a thickness of only 1.9 mm. The effective absorption bandwidth below -10.0 and -20.0 dB reaches 6.08 and 2.08 GHz, respectively. The enhanced EMW absorption performance benefits from the improved independence matching, EMW attenuation capacity, and synergistic effects of conduction loss, dielectric loss (interfacial and dipole polarizations) and magnetic loss (exchange and natural resonances). This research work provides a guidance for the fabrication of nanocomposites with an excellent EMW absorption.

Key words: NiFe₂O₄/PPy composites, Negative permittivity, EMW absorption

Jiang Guo, Xu Li, Zhuoran Chen, Jianfeng Zhu, Xianmin Mai, Renbo Wei, Kai Sun, Hu Liu, Yunxia Chen, Nithesh Naik, Zhanhu Guo. Magnetic NiFe₂O₄/Polypyrrole nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 108: 64-72.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic for fabrication of NiFe2O4/PPy composites. (b) XRD patterns and (c) FT-IR spectra of pure PPy, pure NiFe2O4, NP-5, NP-10, NP-20 and NP-40. SEM and TEM images of (d, f) pure NiFe2O4 and (e, g) NP-40. Insert SAED pattern of (f) NiFe2O4 and (g) NP-40.

Fig. 2. (a) Magnetization curve of pure NiFe2O4 and NP-40 at room temperature. (b) Real permittivity and (c) Imaginary permittivity of pure PPy, NP-5, NP-10, NP-20 and NP-40.

Fig. 3. Frequency dependences of 2D & 3D Reflection loss maps for (a-c) pure PPy, (d-f) NP-20, and (g-i) NP-40.

Table 1. Electromagnetic wave absorption properties of pure PPy, pure NiFe2O4, NiFe2O4/PPy composites with different loading of NiFe2O4.

Sample	Minimum RL value (dB)	Thickness(mm)	Absorption bandwidth (≤10 dB)	Absorption bandwidth (≤20 dB)
Pure PPy	-25.1	2.2	5.28	0.6
NiFe₂O₄	-1.8	3.0	0	0
NP-5	-7.5	1.5	0	0
NP-10	-8.6	1.5	0	0
NP-20	-14.3	3.0	2.24	0
NP-40	-40.8	1.9	4.64	1.92
NP-40	-28.7	2.2	6.08	2.08
NP-40	-20.9	2.6	5.28	0.32
NP-40	-17.7	3.0	4.00	0

Fig. 4. Frequency dependences of permittivity and permeability for (a) pure PPy, (b) pure NiFe2O4, (c) NP-5, (d) NP-10, (e) NP-20 and (f) NP-40.

Fig. 5. Frequency dependences of dielectric loss tangent and magnetic loss tangent for (a) pure PPy, (b) pure NiFe2O4, (c) NP-5, (d) NP-10, (e) NP-20 and (f) NP-40. (g) C0, (h) attenuation constant and (i) impedance matching of samples.

Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of NiFe2O4/PPy nanocomposites.

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Magnetic NiFe₂O₄/Polypyrrole nanocomposites with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

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