Failure behavior of interfacial domain in SiC-matrix based composites

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.02.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, the microstructure, failure behavior and interfacial properties with respective to the interfacial domain in SiC_f/BN/SiC and C_f/PyC/SiC composites were studied via the fiber push-in test. The differences in the mechanical response of the interfacial domain were observed. During the fiber push-in test for SiC_f/BN/SiC, the interface debonding accompanied with interphase fracture occurred, resulting in an obvious sign of the onset of debonding on loading-displacement (P-u) curves. While the good continuity of P-u curves can be observed for C_f/PyC/SiC, which is due to that the failure is in the form of interface debonding along with interphase lateral slipping caused by the extension of buckled carbon fiber, without any interphase fracture. The interfacial properties calculated from the fiber push-in test show that C_f/PyC/SiC possesses a weaker interfacial domain compared with SiC_f/BN/SiC. The interfacial shear stress of SiC_f/BN/SiC and C_f/PyC/SiC composites amounts 94.2 and 48.1 MPa, respectively.

Key words: SiC-matrix based composites, Interfacial domain, Fiber push-in test, Failure behavior, Interfacial mechanical properties

Jinxue Ding, Xiaokang Ma, Xiaomeng Fan, Jimei Xue, Fang Ye, Laifei Cheng. Failure behavior of interfacial domain in SiC-matrix based composites[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 88: 1-10.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Main characteristics of SiC fiber, carbon fiber and SiC matrix [26,30,[33], [34], [35]].

Constituent	Fibers per tow	Young's modulus/GPa	Poisson’s ratio	CTE/×10^-6 K^-1
SiC fiber	800	200	0.20	4.0
carbon fiber	1000	230	0.30	//0, ⊥8
SiC matrix	-	450	0.21	4.6

Table 2 Details of SiCf/BN/SiC and Cf/PyC/SiC composites.

Composite	Fiber volume fraction/ vol.%	Density/g cm^-3	Porosity/%
SiC_f/BN/SiC	40	2.49	6.0
C_f/PyC/SiC	40	2.08	11.7

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the fiber push-in test.

Fig. 2. (a) Macroscopic and (b) high-magnification SEM images of SiCf/BN/SiC; (c) macroscopic and (d) high-magnification SEM images of Cf/PyC/SiC.

Fig. 3. TEM images of SiCf/BN/SiC composite, (a) the interfacial domain, (b) EDS mapping; HRTEM images of (c) deposited BN layer, (d) SiO2 layer, (e) carbon layer, (f) SiC fiber, (g) ZrO2 crystal and (h) SiC matrix.

Fig. 4. TEM images of Cf/PyC/SiC composite, (a,b) the interfacial domain, (c) EDS mapping; HRTEM images of (d) PyC layer, (e) carbon layer and (f) SiC matrix.

Fig. 5. All 12 fiber push-in load-displacement curves of (a) SiCf/BN/SiC and (b) Cf/PyC/SiC composites.

Fig. 6. Morphology and topography of the tested fibers, (a) representative SEM image, (b) the topography and (c) the corresponding result of the tested SiC fiber; (d) representative SEM image, (e) the topography and (f) the corresponding result of the tested carbon fiber.

Fig. 7. SEM images of the tested fiber in SiCf/BN/SiC composite after the push-in test, (a) the whole fiber, (b) the debonding area and (c) the fracture area.

Fig. 8. TEM images of the interfacial domain in Cf/PyC/SiC composite after the fiber push-in test, (a) TEM sample, (b) the tested fiber and its surroundings, (c) the interfacial domain of the sample surface, (d) interphase slipping zone, (e) PyC in Area 1 and (f) PyC in Area 2.

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of the failure mechanism of the interfacial domain in (a) SiCf/BN/SiC and (b) Cf/PyC/SiC composites.

Fig. 10. (a) Representative load-displacement curves of SiCf/BN/SiC and Cf/PyC/SiC composites after the fiber push-in test; illustration of determining the critical debonding load from the loading curve of (b) SiCf/BN/SiC and (c) Cf/PyC/SiC composites; relationship between the initial stiffness and the fiber radius in (d) SiCf/BN/SiC and (e) Cf/PyC/SiC composites.

Table 3 Corresponding results of the fiber push-in test of SiCf/BN/SiC and Cf/PyC/SiC composites.

Interfacial properties	SiC_f/BN/SiC	C_f/PyC/SiC
initial stiffness S₀ (N/mm)	494 ± 59	213 ± 19
critical load P_c (mN)	194 ± 21	38 ± 4.8
Interfacial bonding strength σ_d (MPa)	1511 ± 160	1093 ± 98
IFSS (MPa)	92.4 ± 9.6	48.1 ± 2.7
Interface debonding energy G_i (J/m²)	9.19 ± 1.84	2.18 ± 0.41

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