材料科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 120 ›› Issue (0): 89-98.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.12.028
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收稿日期:2021-08-12修回日期:2021-11-24接受日期:2021-12-16出版日期:2022-09-01发布日期:2022-03-01
Delaminating Ti3C2 MXene by blossom of ZnIn2S4 microflowers for noble-metal-free photocatalytic hydrogen production
Weixin Huang1, Zhipeng Li1, Chao Wu, Hanjie Zhang, Jie Sun, Qin Li(
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- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Received:2021-08-12Revised:2021-11-24Accepted:2021-12-16Online:2022-09-01Published:2022-03-01 -
Contact:Qin Li -
About author:* E-mail address: liqin0518@mail.scuec.edu.cn (Q. Li).
First author contact:1 The authors equally contribute to this work.
引用本文
. [J]. 材料科学与技术, 2022, 120(0): 89-98.
Weixin Huang, Zhipeng Li, Chao Wu, Hanjie Zhang, Jie Sun, Qin Li. Delaminating Ti3C2 MXene by blossom of ZnIn2S4 microflowers for noble-metal-free photocatalytic hydrogen production[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 120(0): 89-98.
Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of the preparation process of the ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2 composites.
Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of the preparation process of the ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2 composites.
Fig. 1. XRD patterns of (a) the Ti3AlC2, Ti3C2 and (b) the prepared ZnIn2S4 and ZTx samples. (c) Raman spectra of the ZnIn2S4, ZT10 and Ti3C2 samples.
Fig. 1. XRD patterns of (a) the Ti3AlC2, Ti3C2 and (b) the prepared ZnIn2S4 and ZTx samples. (c) Raman spectra of the ZnIn2S4, ZT10 and Ti3C2 samples.
Table 1. Actual Ti3C2 to ZnIn2S4 ratios in the composite and comparison of photocatalytic H2 production performance of the prepared samples.
| Sample | Actual molar ratio of Ti3C2 to ZnIn2S4 (%) | Mass of sample for HERa (mg) | ABET (m2 g - 1) | RH2 (μmol h - 1) | RH2 per mass (μmol h - 1 g - 1) | RH2 per ABET (μmol h - 1 m - 2) | AQE (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZnIn2S4 | 0 | 100 | 58.4 | 36.4 | 364.4 | 6.2 | 9.5 |
| ZT5 | 3.8 | 100 | 69.8 | 72.2 | 721.6 | 10.3 | 17.6 |
| ZT10 | 6.6 | 100 | 73.2 | 97.9 | 978.7 | 13.4 | 24.2 |
| ZT20 | 13.2 | 100 | 62.0 | 72.6 | 726.1 | 11.7 | 17.9 |
| ZT40 | 24.5 | 100 | 61.1 | 58.5 | 585.4 | 9.6 | 12.3 |
| ZT80 | 56.8 | 100 | 60.6 | 35.4 | 353.6 | 5.8 | 9.3 |
Table 1. Actual Ti3C2 to ZnIn2S4 ratios in the composite and comparison of photocatalytic H2 production performance of the prepared samples.
| Sample | Actual molar ratio of Ti3C2 to ZnIn2S4 (%) | Mass of sample for HERa (mg) | ABET (m2 g - 1) | RH2 (μmol h - 1) | RH2 per mass (μmol h - 1 g - 1) | RH2 per ABET (μmol h - 1 m - 2) | AQE (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZnIn2S4 | 0 | 100 | 58.4 | 36.4 | 364.4 | 6.2 | 9.5 |
| ZT5 | 3.8 | 100 | 69.8 | 72.2 | 721.6 | 10.3 | 17.6 |
| ZT10 | 6.6 | 100 | 73.2 | 97.9 | 978.7 | 13.4 | 24.2 |
| ZT20 | 13.2 | 100 | 62.0 | 72.6 | 726.1 | 11.7 | 17.9 |
| ZT40 | 24.5 | 100 | 61.1 | 58.5 | 585.4 | 9.6 | 12.3 |
| ZT80 | 56.8 | 100 | 60.6 | 35.4 | 353.6 | 5.8 | 9.3 |
Fig. 2. (a) FESEM and (b) HRTEM images of the prepared ZT10 sample. (c) HAADF-STEM image of the ZT10 sample and the EDS mapping images of its Zn, In, S, and Ti atoms.
Fig. 2. (a) FESEM and (b) HRTEM images of the prepared ZT10 sample. (c) HAADF-STEM image of the ZT10 sample and the EDS mapping images of its Zn, In, S, and Ti atoms.
Fig. 3. FESEM images of the ZT10 sample with the solvothermal time for (a) 10 min, (b) 1 h, and (c) 12 h, respectively. (d) FESEM image of the ZT80 sample.
Fig. 3. FESEM images of the ZT10 sample with the solvothermal time for (a) 10 min, (b) 1 h, and (c) 12 h, respectively. (d) FESEM image of the ZT80 sample.
Fig. 4. (a) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and (b) the corresponding pore size distribution curves of the prepared ZnIn2S4 and ZTx samples.
Fig. 4. (a) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and (b) the corresponding pore size distribution curves of the prepared ZnIn2S4 and ZTx samples.
Fig. 5. Photographs of (a) the automatic online trace gas analysis system (Labsolar-6A, Beijing Perfectlight Technology Co., Ltd.) and (b) the multi-channel photochemical reaction system (PCX-50B, Beijing Perfectlight Technology Co., Ltd.). (c) Dependence of the amount of H2 production on the concentration of the ZT10 sample in the system. (d) Comparison of the photocatalytic H2 production rates of the prepared samples.
Fig. 5. Photographs of (a) the automatic online trace gas analysis system (Labsolar-6A, Beijing Perfectlight Technology Co., Ltd.) and (b) the multi-channel photochemical reaction system (PCX-50B, Beijing Perfectlight Technology Co., Ltd.). (c) Dependence of the amount of H2 production on the concentration of the ZT10 sample in the system. (d) Comparison of the photocatalytic H2 production rates of the prepared samples.
Fig. 6. (a) Steady-state PL spectra of the ZnIn2S4, ZT5, ZT10, ZT40 and ZT80 samples and (inset) its local magnification. (b) Time-resolved transient photoluminescence decay of the ZnIn2S4 and ZT10 samples. (c) TPR plots and (d) EIS plots of the ZnIn2S4, ZT5, ZT10, ZT40 and ZT80 samples.
Fig. 6. (a) Steady-state PL spectra of the ZnIn2S4, ZT5, ZT10, ZT40 and ZT80 samples and (inset) its local magnification. (b) Time-resolved transient photoluminescence decay of the ZnIn2S4 and ZT10 samples. (c) TPR plots and (d) EIS plots of the ZnIn2S4, ZT5, ZT10, ZT40 and ZT80 samples.
Fig. 7. High-resolution XPS spectra of (a) C 1 s, (b) Ti 2p, and (c) Zn 2p of the ZnIn2S4, ZT10 and Ti3C2 samples.
Fig. 7. High-resolution XPS spectra of (a) C 1 s, (b) Ti 2p, and (c) Zn 2p of the ZnIn2S4, ZT10 and Ti3C2 samples.
Fig. 8. (a) DRS spectra of the prepared samples and (b) corresponding Tauc plots of ZnIn2S4 and ZT10. Mott-Schottky plots of (c) ZnIn2S4 and (d) ZT10 at a frequency of 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 3000 Hz in Na2SO4 (0.5 M). (e) CPD values of the Ti3C2, ZT10, and ZnIn2S4 samples. (f) LSV curves of the ZnIn2S4 and ZT10 samples.
Fig. 8. (a) DRS spectra of the prepared samples and (b) corresponding Tauc plots of ZnIn2S4 and ZT10. Mott-Schottky plots of (c) ZnIn2S4 and (d) ZT10 at a frequency of 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 3000 Hz in Na2SO4 (0.5 M). (e) CPD values of the Ti3C2, ZT10, and ZnIn2S4 samples. (f) LSV curves of the ZnIn2S4 and ZT10 samples.
Fig. 9. Proposed photocatalytic H2 evolution mechanism over ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2 composite photocatalysts.
Fig. 9. Proposed photocatalytic H2 evolution mechanism over ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2 composite photocatalysts.
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