Electrospinning nanofiber scaffolds for soft and hard tissue regeneration

Xianrui Xie^a, Yujie Chen^a^,^*, Xiaoyu Wang^a, Xiaoqing Xu^a, Yihong Shen^a, Atta ur Rehman Khan^a, Ali Aldalbahi^b^,^*(

), Allison E. Fetz^c, Gary L. Bowlin^c, Mohamed El-Newehy^b, Xiumei Mo^a^,^*(

)

Fig. 27.. Schematic illustration of the application of the double-layer membrane. (a and b) The nanofibrous membrane is placed at the site of tendon-to-bone insertion. (c) The structure and composition of the scaffold mimic the normal fibrocartilage enthesis. (d) Illustration of hydroxyapatite (HA) growth on PLLA fibers [97].