A unified model for determining fracture strain of metal films on flexible substrates

Xu-Ping Wu^a^,^b, Xue-Mei Luo^a^,^*(

), Hong-Lei Chen^a^,^b, Ji-Peng Zou^a^,^b, Guang-Ping Zhang^a^,^*(

)

Fig. 2.. Surface morphologies of as-deposited Ti films with (a) h = 50 nm, (b) h = 100 nm and (c) h = 300 nm.