Predicting gas and shrinkage porosity in solidification microstructure: A coupled three-dimensional cellular automaton model

Cheng Gu^a, Colin D. Ridgeway^a, Emre Cinkilic^a, Yan Lu^a, Alan A. Luo^a^,^*(

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Fig. 9.. Percentage of porosity as a function of temperature with different cooling rates of 50 K/s, 20 K/s, and 5 K/s.