Hydrolysis mechanism of YbB2C2 and the microstructure of the carbon derived from the hydrolysis reaction

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2023.06.033

Abstract

Abstract: Carbide-derived carbon (CDC) materials have gained great attention due to the excellent properties for various potential applications. Here, graphite crystal is formed during a room-temperature hydrolysis process of layered compound YbB₂C₂. The formation mechanism can be demonstrated by a YbB₂C₂ molecular cell: Yb³⁺ acts as a cathode where H₂O molecule is reduced to H atom and OH^- ion, while (B₂C₂)^3- acts as an anode where OH^- ion is oxidized to O atom. Then, YbB₂C₂ molecular cell begins to disintegrate, i.e., Yb³⁺ ion, B and C atoms dissociate from the molecular cell. The as-produced C atoms combine to form graphite crystal. The initial graphite crystal is a cabbage-like microsphere, and then it gradually disintegrates and transforms into layered graphite. In addition, YbB₆, Yb₃(OH)₃_n(BO₃)_(3-_n₎ sol, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and carbon oxides form simultaneously. Our method provides a general and inexpensive route to obtain carbide-derived graphite crystal.

Key words: Carbide-derived carbon, YbB₂C₂, HydrolysisMolecular cell, First-principles calculations

Zhihui Li, Hao Zhang, Jixin Chen, Jiemin Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Jinxing Yang, Chao Zhang, Zerong Zhang, Hongyang Liu, Fei Huang, Meishuan Li, Fei Li. Hydrolysis mechanism of YbB₂C₂ and the microstructure of the carbon derived from the hydrolysis reaction[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 171: 209-221.

References

[1] Y. Gogotsi, R.K. Dash, G. Yushin, T. Yildirim, G. Laudisio, J.E. Fischer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (46) (2005) 16006-16007.
[2] H.S. Kim, J.P. Singer, Y. Gogotsi, J.E. Fischer, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 120 (3) (2009) 267-271.
[3] Y. Korenblit, M. Rose, E. Kockrick, L. Borchardt, A. Kvit, S. Kaskel, G. Yushin, ACS Nano 4 (3) (2010) 1337-1344.
[4] P.L. Nadejda, Nov. Carbon Adsorb. (2012) 269-294.
[5] Y.G. Gogotsi, M. Yoshimura, Nature 367 (6464) (1994) 628-630.
[6] Y.G. Gogotsi, M. Yoshimura, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 (6) (1995) 1439-1450.
[7] Y.G. Gogotsi, M. Yoshimura, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 14 (10) (1995) 755-759.
[8] N.S. Jacobson, Y.G. Gototsi, M. Yoshimura, J. Mater. Chem. 5 (4) (1995) 595-601.
[9] T. Kraft, K.G. Nickel, J. Mater. Chem.10 (3)(2000) 671-680.
[10] H. Pan, J.B. Zang, L. Dong, X.H. Li, Y.H. Wang, Y.J. Wang, Electrochem. Commun. 37(2013) 40-44.
[11] H. Pan, J.B. Zang, X.H. Li, Y.H. Wang, Carbon N.Y. 69(2014) 630-633.
[12] H.B. Zhang, C.F. Hu, J.J. Lv, S. Grasso, M. Mishra, M. Estili, Y. Yamauchi, B. Kim, Y. Sakka, Mater. Lett. 130(2014) 188-191.
[13] F. Euler, E.R.Czerlinsky, in: In Proceedings of the Conference on Silicon Carbide, Pergamon, Oxford, Boston, United States, 1959.
[14] L.M. Foster, G. Long, H.C. Stumpf, Am. Mineral. 43 (3-4) (1958) 285-296.
[15] T.Y. Kosolapova, Carbides: Properties, Production, and Applications, Plenum Press, New York, 1971.
[16] N. Batisse, K. Guerin, M. Dubois, A. Hamwi, Carbon N.Y. 49 (9) (2011) 2998-3009.
[17] Y.S. Chun, D.S. Lim, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 122 (1428) (2014) 577-585.
[18] R.K. Dash, A. Nikitin, Y. Gogotsi, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 72 (1-3) (2004) 203-208.
[19] Y. Gogotsi, S. Welz, D.A. Ersoy, M.J. McNallan, Nature 411 (6835) (2001) 283-287.
[20] A. Janes, T. Thomberg, E. Lust, Carbon N.Y. 45 (14) (2007) 2717-2722.
[21] I. Tallo, T. Thomberg, H. Kurig, A. Janes, K. Kontturi, E. Lust, J. Solid State Electrochem. 17 (1) (2013) 19-28.
[22] N.F. Fedorov, G.K. Ivakhnyuk, V.V. Samonin, J. Appl. Chem. USSR 54 (11) (1981) 2253-2255.
[23] D. Osetzky, Carbon N Y 12 (5) (1974) 517-523.
[24] V.V. Samonin, G.K. Ivakhnyuk, N.F. Fedorov, J. Appl. Chem. USSR 59 (10) (1986) 2079-2083.
[25] L. Zhang, X.J. Qin, G.J. Shao, Z.P. Ma, S. Liu, C.C. He, Mater. Lett. 122(2014) 78-81.
[26] J.T. Lee, H. Kim, M. Oschatz, D.C. Lee, F.X. Wu, H.T. Lin, B. Zdyrko, W.I. Cho, S. Kaskel, G. Yushin, Adv. Energy. Mater. 5 (1) (2015) 1400981.
[27] J. Torop, V. Palmre, M. Arulepp, T. Sugino, K. Asaka, A. Aabloo, Carbon N.Y. 49 (9) (2011) 3113-3119.
[28] R. Dash, J. Chmiola, G. Yushin, Y. Gogotsi, G. Laudisio, J. Singer, J. Fischer, S. Kucheyev, Carbon N.Y. 44 (12) (2006) 24 89-24 97.
[29] A. Burke, J. Power Sources 91 (1)(2000) 37-50.
[30] K. Cheng, R. Nargaraj, D. Bijukumar, M.T. Mathew, M. McNallan, Surf. Coat. Technol. 392(2020) 125692.
[31] A. Nikitin, Y. Gogotsi, Encycl. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 7(2004) 553-574.
[32] G.R. Zhao, J.X. Chen, Y.M. Li, M.S. Li, Scr. Mater. 124(2016) 86-89.
[33] V. Babizhetskyy, J. Bauer, R. Gautier, K. Hiebl, A. Simon, J.-F. Halet, in: J.-C.G. Bünzli, V.K. Pecharsky (Eds.), HPCRE, Elsevier, 2018, pp. 145-269.
[34] J. Bauer, O. Bars, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Sci. 36(1980) 1540-1544.
[35] J. Bauer, J.F. Halet, J.Y. Saillard, Coord. Chem. Rev. 178(1998) 723-753.
[36] X. Rocquefelte, S.E. Boulfelfel, M. Ben Yahia, J. Bauer, J.Y. Saillard, J.F. Halet, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44 (46) (2005) 7542-7545.
[37] Y. Zhou, H. Xiang, X. Wang, W. Sun, F.-Z. Dai, Z. Feng, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 33 (9) (2017) 1044-1054.
[38] S. Khmelevskyi, P. Mohn, J. Redinger, H. Michor, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18 (4) (2005) 422-426.
[39] M.W. Barsoum, Prog. Solid State Chem. 28 (1)(2000) 201-281.
[40] Z. Li, J. Chen, H. Zhang, J. Yang, M. Hu, L. Sun, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, M. Li, Sci. Rep. 10 (1) (2020) 20227.
[41] X.F. Wang, H.M. Xiang, X. Sun, J.C. Liu, F. Hou, Y.C. Zhou, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98 (7) (2015) 2234-2239.
[42] J. Zou, G.-J. Zhang, J. Vleugels, O. Van der Biest, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 33 (10) (2013) 1609-1614.
[43] S. Hillier, Clay Miner. 35 (1)(2000) 291-302.
[44] M.D. Segall, P.J.D. Lindan, M.J. Probert, C.J. Pickard, P.J. Hasnip, S.J. Clark, M.C. Payne, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 (11) (2002) 2717-2744.
[45] D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B-Condens. Matter 41 (11) (1990) 7892-7895.
[46] J.P. Perdew, K. Burke, M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 (18) (1996) 3865-3868.
[47] B.G. Pfrommer, M. Cote, S.G. Louie, M.L. Cohen, J. Comput. Phys. 131 (1) (1997) 233-240.
[48] J.S. Anderson, N.J. Clark, I.J. Mccolm, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 30 (1) (1968) 105-111.
[49] P.C. Kempter, Inorg. Chem. 1 (4) (1962) 975 -975.
[50] I.J. McColm, J. Alloys Compd. 189 (1) (1992) 31-35.
[51] I.J. McColm, T.A. Quigley, J. Less Common Met. 169 (2) (1991) 347-360.
[52] I.J. McColm, T.A. Quigley, D.R. Bourne, J. Less Comm. Met. 170 (1) (1991) 191-198.
[53] M.M. Li, J.P. Luan, Y. Zhang, F. Jiang, X. Zhou, J. Tang, K. Wang, Ceram. Int. 45 (15) (2019) 18831-18837.
[54] D. Singh, R.G. Jadhav, A.K. Das, Energy Technol. 7 (10) (2019) 1-8.
[55] J.H. Denning, S.D. Boss, Spectrochim. Acta, Pt. A-Mol. Spectrosc. 28 (9) (1972) 1775-1785.
[56] Y. Laureiro, M.L. Veiga, F. Fernández, R. Saez-Puche, A. Jerez, C. Pico, J. Less Common Met. 167 (2) (1991) 387-393.
[57] J. Leppä-aho, J. Valkonen, J. Solid State Chem. 99 (2) (1992) 364-375.
[58] R.C. Yu, S.C. Li, Y.Q. Wang, X. Kong, J.L. Zhu, F.Y. Li, Z.X. Liu, X.F. Duan, Z. Zhang, C.Q. Jin, Phys. C-Supercond. Appl. 363 (3) (2001) 184-188.
[59] M. He, T.Z. Liu, J. Cai, Z.H. Zhang, X.E. Gu, Micron 89 (2016) 16-20.
[60] F. Tuinstra, J.L. Koenig, J. Chem. Phys. 53 (3) (1970) 1126-1130.
[61] N.W. Ashcroft, N.D. Mermin, Solid State Physics, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1976.
[62] V. Babizhetskyy, Visnyk Lviv Univ. Ser. Chem. 57(2016) 77-83.
[63] K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, S.V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S.V. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva, A .A . Firsov, Science 306 (5696) (2004) 666-669.
[64] J. Shang, J. Xiong, X. Xu, Y. Cai, Mater. Chem. Phys. 217(2018) 5-10.
[65] D.F. Li, J.F. Gao, P. Cheng, J. He, Y. Yin, Y.X. Hu, L. Chen, Y. Cheng, J.J. Zhao, Adv. Funct. Mater. 30 (8) (2019) 1-32.
[66] W.-L. Li, H.-S. Hu, Y.-F. Zhao, X. Chen, T.-T. Chen, T. Jian, L.-S. Wang, J. Li, Sci. Sin. Chim. 48 (2) (2018) 98-107.
[67] K. Suzuki, M. Kato, R. Watanuki, T. Terashima, J. Alloys Compd.317-318(2001) 302-305.
[68] N. Greenwood, A.J. Osborn, J. Chem. Soc. 345(1961) 1775-1782.
[69] M. Atoji, J. Chem. Phys. 35 (6) (1961) 1950-1960.
[70] P. Link, P. Glatzel, K. Kvashnina, R.I. Smith, U. Ruschewitz, Inorg. Chem. 50 (12) (2011) 5587-5595.
[71] J. Chi, H. Yu, Chin. J. Catal. 39 (3) (2018) 390-394.
[72] S. Shiva Kumar, V. Himabindu, Mater. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2 (3) (2019) 442-454.
[73] R. Ludwig, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 40 (10) (2010) 1808-1827.
[74] T. Kraft, K.G. Nickel, Y.G. Gogotsi, J. Mater. Sci. 33 (17) (1998) 4357-4364 .

Hydrolysis mechanism of YbB₂C₂ and the microstructure of the carbon derived from the hydrolysis reaction

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Junwen Lai, Jiangxu Li, Peitao Liu, Yan Sun, Xing-Qiu Chen. First-principles study on the electronic structure of Pb_10-_xCu_x(PO₄)₆O (x = 0, 1) [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 171(0): 66-70.
[2]	Tan Shi, Xi Qiu, Yundi Zhou, Sixin Lyu, Jing Li, Dan Sun, Qing Peng, Yong Xin, Chenyang Lu. Unconventional energetics of small vacancy clusters in BCC high-entropy alloy Nb_0.75ZrTiV_0.5 [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 146(0): 61-71.
[3]	Xingpu Zhang, Liangliang Xu, Wenxin Hu, Haofei Zhou, Jiangwei Wang. Effects of Sc on the vacancy and solute behaviours in aluminium [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 148(0): 41-51.
[4]	J.X. Yan, Z.J. Zhang, P. Zhang, J.H. Liu, H. Yu, Q.M. Hu, J.B. Yang, Z.F. Zhang. Design and optimization of the composition and mechanical properties for non-equiatomic CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 139(0): 232-244.
[5]	Huabing Li, Yu Han, Hao Feng, Gang Zhou, Zhouhua Jiang, Minghui Cai, Yizhuang Li, Mingxin Huang. Enhanced strength-ductility synergy via high dislocation density-induced strain hardening in nitrogen interstitial CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 141(0): 184-192.
[6]	Yinling Jin, Hongze Fang, Ruirun Chen, Jiwei Wang, Shichen Sun, Shu Wang, Bin Shao, Jingjie Guo. Morphological modification of Mg₂Si phase and strengthening mechanism in Mg₂Si/Al composites by Eu addition and T6 heat treatment [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 159(0): 151-162.
[7]	Meng Cai, Peng Feng, Han Yan, Yuting Li, Shijie Song, Wen Li, Hao Li, Xiaoqiang Fan, Minhao Zhu. Hierarchical Ti₃C₂T_x@MoS₂ heterostructures: A first principles calculation and application in corrosion/wear protection [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 116(0): 151-160.
[8]	Li Liu, Jian-Tang Jiang, Xiang-Yuan Cui, Bo Zhang, Liang Zhen, Simon P. Ringer. Correlation between precipitates evolution and mechanical properties of Al-Sc-Zr alloy with Er additions [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 99(0): 61-72.
[9]	Daxian Zuo, Cuiping Wang, Jiajia Han, Qinghao Han, Yanan Hu, Junwei Wu, Huajun Qiu, Qian Zhang, Xingjun Liu. One-step synthesis of novel core-shell bimetallic hexacyanoferrate for high performance sodium-storage cathode [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 114(0): 180-190.
[10]	Chunyang Gao, Yixiao Jiang, Tingting Yao, Ang Tao, Xuexi Yan, Xiang Li, Chunlin Chen, Xiu-Liang Ma, Hengqiang Ye. Atomic origin of magnetic coupling of antiphase boundaries in magnetite thin films [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 107(0): 92-99.
[11]	H.L. Zhang, D.D. Cai, X. Sun, H. Huang, S. Lu, Y.Z. Wang, Q.M. Hu, L. Vitos, X.D. Ding. Solid solution strengthening of high-entropy alloys from first-principles study [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 121(0): 105-116.
[12]	Bin Liu, Juanli Zhao, Yuchen Liu, Jianqi Xi, Qian Li, Huimin Xiang, Yanchun Zhou. Application of high-throughput first-principles calculations in ceramic innovation [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 88(0): 143-157.
[13]	Huimin Xiang, Fuzhi Dai, Yanchun Zhou. Secrets of high thermal emission of transition metal disilicides TMSi₂ (TM = Ta, Mo) [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 89(0): 114-121.
[14]	Hailong Yuan, Zhifeng Huang, Jianwen Zhang, Ziqian Yin, Xiangyu Lu, Fei Chen, Qiang Shen. Enhancing thermal stability and photoluminescence of red-emitting Sr₂Si₅N₈:Eu phosphors via boron doping [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 94(0): 130-135.
[15]	Ziqi Guan, Jing Bai, Jianglong Gu, Xinzeng Liang, Die Liu, Xinjun Jiang, Runkai Huang, Yudong Zhang, Claude Esling, Xiang Zhao, Liang Zuo. First-principles investigation of B2 partial disordered structure, martensitic transformation, elastic and magnetic properties of all-d-metal Ni-Mn-Ti Heusler alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 68(0): 103-111.