Effect of La2O3 addition on the synthesis of tungsten nanopowder via combustion-based method

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.03.069

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the influences of La₂O₃ added on the phase, morphology and reduction process of tungsten oxide prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) were investigated for the first time. And tungsten nanopowders with different La₂O₃ doping amount (0.5~5.0 wt%) were successfully prepared by SCS and followed hydrogen reduction. The results showed that with the increase of La₂O₃ addition, the product synthesized by SCS changed from needle-like W₁₈O₄₉ to irregularly granulated H_0.53WO₃ and the complete reduction temperature also increased form 700 ℃ to 850 ℃. The densification behavior of as-prepared W nanopowders revealed that the densification inhibitory effect of La₂O₃ was enhanced as the La₂O₃ addition increased. Nevertheless, due to the optimal size and distribution of La₂O₃ particles, the sample with 2.0 wt% La₂O₃ addition has a smallest grain size of 0.47 μm and a highest microhardness value of 739.3 Hv_0.2, which are the best compared with the literature.

Key words: Tungsten nanopowder, La₂O₃doped, Solution combustion synthesis, Influence

Zheng Chen, Mingli Qin, Junjun Yang, Lin Zhang, Baorui Jia, Xuanhui Qu. Effect of La₂O₃ addition on the synthesis of tungsten nanopowder via combustion-based method[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 58: 24-33.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1. The XRD patterns of the precursors synthesized by SCS.

Fig. 2. XPS spectra of La 3d for the precursors synthesized by SCS.

Fig. 3. FESEM images of the precursors synthesized by SCS: (a)PW; (b)WL05; (c)WL10; (d)WL20; (e)WL50;(f) the TEM image of WL50 precursor.

Fig. 4. XRD patterns of reduction products at different temperatures for PW, WL05 and WL10 precursors.

Fig. 5. XRD patterns of reduction products at different temperatures for (a)WL20 and (b)WL50 precursor.

Fig. 6. SEM images of (a) PW, (b) WL05, (c) WL10, (d) WL20 and (e) WL50.

Fig. 7. Elemental mapping images of WL50.

Fig. 8. TEM images of (a) WL05, (b) WL10, (c) WL20 and (d) WL50.

Table 1 Theoretical and measured La content values in as-prepared W nanopowers.

Sample	Theoretical value (wt%)	Measured value (wt%)
WL05	0.43	0.42
WL10	0.85	0.76
WL20	1.71	1.77
WL50	4.26	3.49

Table 2 Density, relative density, grain size and microhardness of all sintered samples.

Samples	Theorical density (g/cm³)	Density (g/cm³)	Relative density (%)	Grain size (μm)	Microhardness (Hv_0.2)
PW	19.30	19.0 ± 0.17	98.5 ± 0.87	5.32 ± 2.00	536.3 ± 10.64
WL05	19.13	18.70 ± 0.13	97.6 ± 0.67	0.97 ± 0.32	580.7 ± 13.48
WL10	18.93	18.40 ± 0.04	97.1 ± 0.23	0.93 ± 0.35	632.1 ± 29.58
WL20	18.57	18.01 ± 0.08	97.0 ± 0.42	0.47 ± 0.16	739.3 ± 17.57
WL50	17.57 (18.06^a)	17.20 ± 0.02	97.9 ± 0.09 (95.2^a)	0.72 ± 0.29	677.5 ± 13.77

Fig. 9. SEM images of fractured surface of (a) PW, (b) WL05, (c) WL10, (d) WL20 and (e) WL50 compacts.

Table 3 Summary of grain size and microhardness of the pressureless sintered W alloys reported in the literature.

Sample	Sintering temperature (℃)	Relative density (%)	Grain size (μm)	Ref
W-0.6 wt%La₂O₃	2200	~97	~18	[5]
W-0.3 wt%Y₂O₃	1800~2000	96-97.5	1-2	[9]
W-0.7 wt%Y₂O₃	1950	99.22	3-5	[18]
W	1650	97.6	3-5	[35]
W-16at%W₂C	2200	-	5.7	[36]
W-5 vol%Y₂O₃	>2000	~95.5	~3	[37]
W	1100	98.1	0.585	[38]
W-2 wt%La₂O₃	1650	97.0	0.47	This work

Fig. 10. (a) STEM-HAADF image of WL20; (b) Second-phase particle size distribution; (c)TEM-HAADF image and the corresponding EDX mapping of the (d) W, (e) La and (f) O elements.

Fig. 11. EBSD images of (a) WL20 and (b) WL50.

References 40

[1]	Y. Wang, J. Aktaa, Scripta Mater. 139 (2017) 22-25.
[2]	L. Huang, L. Jiang, T.D. Topping, C. Dai, X. Wang, R. Carpenter, C. Haines, J.M. Schoenung, Acta Mater. 122 (2017) 19-31.
[3]	S. Antusch, D.E.J. Armstrong, T.B. Britton, L. Commin, J.S.K.L. Gibson, H. Greuner, J. Hoffmann, W. Knabl, G. Pintsuk, M. Rieth, S.G. Roberts, T. Weingaertner, Nucl. Mater. Energy 3-4 (2015) 22-31.
[4]	A. Luo, K.S. Shin, D.L. Jacobson, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 148 (1991) 219-229.
[5]	J. Li, J. Cheng, B. Wei, M. Zhang, L. Luo, Y. Wu, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 66 (2017) 226-233.
[6]	M.A. Yar, S. Wahlberg, H. Bergqvist, H.G. Salem, M. Johnsson, M. Muhammed, J. Nucl. Mater. 408 (2011) 129-135.
[7]	M. Zhao, Z. Zhou, M. Zhong, J. Tan, Y. Lian, X. Liu, J. Nucl. Mater. 470 (2016) 236-243.
[8]	Z. Dong, N. Liu, Z. Ma, C. Liu, Q. Guo, Y. Liu, J. Alloys Compd. 695 (2017) 2969-2973.
[9]	Y. Lv, J. Fan, Y. Han, T. Liu, P. Li, H. Yan, J. Alloys Compd. 774 (2019) 1140-1150.
[10]	Z. Dong, N. Liu, W. Hu, Z. Ma, C. Li, C. Liu, Q. Guo, Y. Liu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 36 (2020) 118-127.
[11]	W. Hu, Z. Dong, L. Yu, Z. Ma, Y. Liu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 36 (2020) 84-90.
[12]	N. Liu, Z. Dong, Z. Ma, Z. Qian, L. Ma, L. Yu, Y. Liu, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) (2020) 1-6.
[13]	F. Xiao, L. Xu, Y. Zhou, K. Pan, J. Li, W. Liu, S. Wei, J. Alloys Compd. 708 (2017) 202-212.
[14]	M. Battabyal, R. Schäublin, P. Spätig, N. Baluc, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 538 (2012) 53-57.
[15]	M. Battabyal, R. Schäublin, P. Spätig, M. Walter, M. Rieth, N. Baluc, J. Nucl. Mater. 442 (2013) S225-S228.
[16]	S. Wang, J. Zhang, L.M. Luo, X. Zan, Q. Xu, X.-Y. Zhu, K. Tokunaga, Y.C. Wu, Powder Technol. 301 (2016) 65-69.
[17]	M. Xia, Q. Yan, L. Xu, H. Guo, L. Zhu, C. Ge, J. Nucl. Mater. 434 (2013) 85-89.
[18]	J. Fan, Y. Han, P. Li, Z. Sun, Q. Zhou, J. Nucl. Mater. 455 (2014) 717-723.
[19]	R. Liu, X.P. Wang, T. Hao, C.S. Liu, Q.F. Fang, J. Nucl. Mater. 450 (2014) 69-74.
[20]	R. Liu, Z.M. Xie, Q.F. Fang, T. Zhang, X.P. Wang, T. Hao, C.S. Liu, Y. Dai, J. Alloys Compd. 657 (2016) 73-80.
[21]	L. Xu, Q. Yan, M. Xia, L. Zhu, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 36 (2013) 238-242. DOI URL
[22]	J. Kingsley, K. Patil, Mater. Lett. 6 (1988) 427-432.
[23]	F.T. Li, J. Ran, M. Jaroniec, S.Z. Qiao, Nanoscale 7 (2015) 17590-17610.
[24]	A. Varma, A.S. Mukasyan, A.S. Rogachev, K.V. Manukyan, Chem. Rev. 116 (2016) 14493-14586. URL PMID
[25]	M. Huang, M. Qin, D. Zhang, Y. Wang, Q. Wan, Q. He, B. Jia, X. Qu, J. Alloys Compd. 695 (2017) 1870-1877.
[26]	M. Qin, Z. Chen, P. Chen, S. Zhao, R. Li, J. Ma, X. Qu, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 68 (2017) 145-150.
[27]	M. Wu, M. Zhang, T. Lv, M. Guo, J. Li, C.A. Okonkwo, Q. Liu, L. Jia, Appl. Catal. A 547 (2017) 96-104.
[28]	A. Yadav, A. Lokhande, J. Kim, C. Lokhande, J. Alloys Compd. 723 (2017) 880-886. DOI URL
[29]	M. Miah, S. Bhattacharya, D. Dinda, S.K. Saha, Electrochim. Acta 260 (2018) 449-458.
[30]	Y.A. Teterin, A.Y. Teterin, A.M. Lebedev, K.E. Ivanov, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 137-140 (2004) 607-612.
[31]	P. Fleming, R.A. Farrell, J.D. Holmes, M.A. Morris, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 93 (2010) 1187-1194.
[32]	F. Dong, X. Xiao, G. Jiang, Y. Zhang, W. Cui, J. Ma, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17 (2015) 16058-16066. DOI URL PMID
[33]	L. Olmos, C.L. Martin, D. Bouvard, Powder Technol. 190 (2009) 134-140.
[34]	S.S. Razavi-Tousi, R. Yazdani-Rad, S.A. Manafi, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 528 (2011) 1105-1110.
[35]	S. Antusch, P. Norajitra, V. Piotter, H.J. Ritzhaupt-Kleissl, J.Nucl. Mater. 417 (2011) 533-535.
[36]	P. Jenuš, A. Iveković, M. Kocen, A. Šestan, S. Novak, Ceram. Int. 45 (2019) 7995-7999.
[37]	D.T. Blagoeva, J. Opschoor, J.G. van der Laan, C. Sârbu, G. Pintsuk, M. Jong, T. Bakker, P. Ten Pierick, H. Nolles, J. Nucl. Mater. 442 (2013) S198-S203.
[38]	X. Wang, Z. Zak Fang, M. Koopman, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 53 (2015) 134-138.
[39]	G. Gottstein, L. Shvindlerman, Acta Metall. Mater. 41 (1993) 3267-3275.
[40]	L. Jiang, H. Wen, H. Yang, T. Hu, T. Topping, D. Zhang, E.J. Lavernia, J.M. Schoenung, Acta Mater. 89 (2015) 327-343.

Effect of La₂O₃ addition on the synthesis of tungsten nanopowder via combustion-based method

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 14

References 40

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Lin Lu, Qianqian Liu. Synergetic effects of photo-oxidation and biodegradation on failure behavior of polyester coating in tropical rain forest atmosphere [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 64(0): 195-202.
[2]	Hanyu Zhao, Yupeng Sun, Lu Yin, Zhao Yuan, Yiliang Lan, Dake Xu, Chunguang Yang, Ke Yang. Improved corrosion resistance and biofilm inhibition ability of copper-bearing 304 stainless steel against oral microaerobic Streptococcus mutans [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 66(0): 112-120.
[3]	Zhong Li, Jie Wang, Yizhe Dong, Dake Xu, Xianhui Zhang, Jianhua Wu, Tingyue Gu, Fuhui Wang. Synergistic effect of chloride ion and Shewanella algae accelerates the corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 71(0): 177-185.
[4]	Jiashun Shi, Suchun Wang, Xin Cheng, Shiqiang Chen, Guangzhou Liu. Constructing zwitterionic nanofiber film for anti-adhesion of marine corrosive microorganisms [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 70(0): 145-155.
[5]	Di Wang, Mahmoud Ramadan, Sith Kumseranee, Suchada Punpruk, Tingyue Gu. Mitigating microbiologically influenced corrosion of an oilfield biofilm consortium on carbon steel in enriched hydrotest fluid using 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) enhanced by a 14-mer peptide [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 57(0): 146-152.
[6]	Hongchang Qian, Lingwei Ma, Dawei Zhang, Ziyu Li, Luyao Huang, Yuntian Lou, Cuiwei Du. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of 304 stainless steel by halophilic archaea Natronorubrum tibetense [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 46(0): 12-20.
[7]	Enze Zhou, Jianjun Wang, Masoumeh Moradi, Huabing Li, Dake Xu, Yuntian Lou, Jinheng Luo, Lifeng Li, Yulei Wang, Zhenguo Yang, Fuhui Wang, Jessica A. Smith. Methanogenic archaea and sulfate reducing bacteria induce severe corrosion of steel pipelines after hydrostatic testing [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 48(0): 72-83.
[8]	Yanan Pu, Wenwen Dou, Tingyue Gu, Shiya Tang, Xiaomei Han, Shougang Chen. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of Cu by nitrate reducing marine bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 47(0): 10-19.
[9]	Yuqiao Dong, Yassir Lekbach, Zhong Li, Dake Xu, Soumya El Abed, Saad Ibnsouda Koraichi, Fuhui Wang. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of 304L stainless steel caused by an alga associated bacterium Halomonas titanicae [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 37(0): 200-206.
[10]	Tingyue Gu, Ru Jia, Tuba Unsal, Dake Xu. Toward a better understanding of microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by sulfate reducing bacteria [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(4): 631-636.
[11]	Fuliang Ma, Jinlong Li, Zhixiang Zeng, Yimin Gao. Tribocorrosion behavior in artificial seawater and anti-microbiologically influenced corrosion properties of TiSiN-Cu coating on F690 steel [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(3): 448-459.
[12]	Dan Liu, Ru Jia, Dake Xu, Hongying Yang, Ying Zhao, M. saleem Khan, Songtao Huang, Jiankang Wen, Ke Yang, Tingyue Gu. Biofilm inhibition and corrosion resistance of 2205-Cu duplex stainless steel against acid producing bacterium Acetobacter aceti [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(11): 2494-2502.
[13]	M. Saleem Khan, Zhong Li, Ke Yang, Dake Xu, Chunguang Yang, Dan Liu, Yassir Lekbach, Enze Zhou, Phuri Kalnaowakul. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of titanium caused by aerobic marine bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(1): 216-222.
[14]	Dake Xu, Enze Zhou, Ying Zhao, Huabing Li, Zhiyong Liu, Dawei Zhang, Chunguang Yang, Hai Lin, Xiaogang Li, Ke Yang. Enhanced resistance of 2205 Cu-bearing duplex stainless steel towards microbiologically influenced corrosion by marine aerobic Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(8): 1325-1336.
[15]	Xianbo Shi, Wei Yan, Dake Xu, Maocheng Yan, Chunguang Yang, Yiyin Shan, Ke Yang. Microbial corrosion resistance of a novel Cu-bearing pipeline steel [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(12): 2480-2491.