J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2023, Vol. 134: 223-233.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.06.028
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
X.F. Xua,b, X.Y. Lia,*(
), B. Zhanga
Received:2022-04-24
Revised:2022-06-13
Accepted:2022-06-16
Published:2023-01-20
Online:2023-01-10
Contact:
X.Y. Li
About author:* E-mail address: xyli@imr.ac.cn (X.Y. Li).X.F. Xu, X.Y. Li, B. Zhang. Stabilizing nanograined Fe-Cr alloy by Si-assisted grain boundary segregation[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 134: 223-233.
| Secondary solute | Thermodynamic parameters (kJ/mol) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | -33 | -74 | 47 | 2 |
| V | -8 | -29 | 27 | -1 |
| Mn | 8 | 1 | 13 | -6 |
| Co | -18 | -2 | -10 | -4 |
| Ni | -27 | -6 | -15 | -6.8 |
| Zr | -58 | -118 | 66 | 8 |
| Nb | -32 | -70 | 44 | 9 |
| Mo | 2 | -9 | 17 | -8.7 |
| W | 4 | 0 | 10 | 4 |
| Al | -87 | -91 | 10 | -3.3 |
| Cu | 49 | 50 | 5 | 2 |
| B | -146 | -127 | -13 | -58.5 |
| Si | -134 | -122 | -6 | -7 |
| C | -233 | -193 | -34 | -52 |
| N | -439 | -361 | -72 | -52 |
| Cr | - | -6 | - | -6 |
Table 1. Thermodynamics parameters of common additive elements in Fe alloys [1,34].
| Secondary solute | Thermodynamic parameters (kJ/mol) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | -33 | -74 | 47 | 2 |
| V | -8 | -29 | 27 | -1 |
| Mn | 8 | 1 | 13 | -6 |
| Co | -18 | -2 | -10 | -4 |
| Ni | -27 | -6 | -15 | -6.8 |
| Zr | -58 | -118 | 66 | 8 |
| Nb | -32 | -70 | 44 | 9 |
| Mo | 2 | -9 | 17 | -8.7 |
| W | 4 | 0 | 10 | 4 |
| Al | -87 | -91 | 10 | -3.3 |
| Cu | 49 | 50 | 5 | 2 |
| B | -146 | -127 | -13 | -58.5 |
| Si | -134 | -122 | -6 | -7 |
| C | -233 | -193 | -34 | -52 |
| N | -439 | -361 | -72 | -52 |
| Cr | - | -6 | - | -6 |
Fig. 1. Ternary interaction parameter $\alpha _{\text{Cr}-\text{X}}^{\text{G}{{\text{B}}^{\prime }}}$ of common addition elements in Fe alloys vs their corresponding (a) standard GB segregation Gibbs energy $\text{ }\!\!\Delta\!\!\text{ }G_{\text{X}}^{0,\text{seg}}$, (b) binary Fe-X interaction parameters ${{\alpha }_{\text{Fe}-\text{X}}}$.
Fig. 2. Microstructure of Fe-8Cr and Fe-8Cr-1Si in the NG layers. Bright-field TEM images of (a) as deformed NG Fe-8Cr and (b) annealed NG Fe-8Cr at 743 K, (c) structure size statistical distribution of as deformed and annealed NG Fe-8Cr. Bright-field TEM images of (d) as deformed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si and (e) annealed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si at 743 K, (f) structure size statistical distribution of as deformed and annealed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si.
Fig. 3. (a) HAADF-STEM image and EDS mappings of (b) Fe and (c) Cr for as deformed NG Fe-8Cr, (d) line scan along the dash line as marked in (a). (e) HAADF-STEM images and EDS mappings of (f) Fe and (g) Cr for the annealed NG Fe-8Cr, (h) line scan along the dash line as marked in (e).
Fig. 4. (a) HAADF-STEM image and EDS mappings of (b) Fe, (c) Cr, and (d) Si for as deformed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si, (e) line scan of Fe, Cr and Si along the dash line as marked in (a). (f) HAADF-STEM image and EDS mappings of (g) Fe, (h) Cr and (i) Si for the annealed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si, (j) line scan of Fe, Cr and Si along the dash line as marked in (f).
Fig. 5. Characterizations of NG Fe-8Cr-1Si annealed at 743 K from the precession electron diffraction analysis: (a) a typical IPF, (b) KAM image, and (c) misorientation angle distribution.
Fig. 6. (a) HAADF-STEM image and EDS mappings of (b) Cr and (c) Si for the annealed NG Fe-6Cr-1Si, (d) line scan of Fe, Cr and Si along the dash line as marked in (a). (e) HAADF-STEM image and EDS mappings of (f) Cr for the annealed NG Fe-6Cr, (g) line scan of Fe and Cr along the dash line as marked in (e).
Fig. 7. Cr concentration of GB variations as a function of grain size for NG Fe-8Cr-1Si alloy annealed at 743 K and Cr concentration of GB for NG Fe-6Cr and NG Fe-6Cr-1Si annealed at 743 K with grain size below 50 nm and around 80 nm.
Fig. 8. Grain coarsening temperature (TGC) as a function of initial grain size for NG Fe-8Cr-1Si and NG Fe-8Cr.
Fig. 9. (a) HAADF-STEM image of annealed NG Fe-8Cr-1Si with corresponding elemental mappings of (b) Fe, (c) Cr and (d) Si. (e) HAADF-STEM image of annealed NG Fe-8Cr with corresponding elemental mappings of (f) Fe and (g) Cr. (h) Line scan of Fe and Cr crossing a precipitate along the white dash line shown in (e).
Fig. 10. (a) HRTEM image of a precipitate indicated in the yellow dash box shown in Fig. 9(e). (b) Enlarged HRTEM image and (c) FFT image of area inside the yellow dash box as marked in (a).
Fig. 11. Plot of Hall-Petch relationship for NG Fe-8Cr-1Si and NG Fe-8Cr annealed at 743 K.
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