J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2021, Vol. 90: 168-182.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.12.085
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Jinhu Zhanga,b,*(), Xuexiong Lia,b, Dongsheng Xua,b,d,*(), Chunyu Tengc, Hao Wanga,b, Liang Yanga,b, Hongtao Jua,b,d, Haisheng Xua,b,d, Zhichao Menga,b,d, Yingjie Maa,b,d, Yunzhi Wange, Rui Yanga,b,d
Received:
2020-11-06
Revised:
2020-12-09
Accepted:
2020-12-21
Published:
2021-11-05
Online:
2021-11-05
Contact:
Jinhu Zhang,Dongsheng Xu
About author:
dsxu@imr.ac.cn (D. Xu).Jinhu Zhang, Xuexiong Li, Dongsheng Xu, Chunyu Teng, Hao Wang, Liang Yang, Hongtao Ju, Haisheng Xu, Zhichao Meng, Yingjie Ma, Yunzhi Wang, Rui Yang. Phase field simulation of the stress-induced α microstructure in Ti-6Al-4 V alloy and its CPFEM properties evaluation[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 90: 168-182.
Fig. 1. Volume fraction of each variant as functions of time under positive shear stresses of (a) 10 MPa, (b) 30 MPa, (c) 50 MPa and negative shear stresses of (d) 10 MPa, (e) 30 MPa, (f) 50 MPa along (12-1)[-111]β. (g, h) The {0001} pole figure of α phase under positive and negative stress of 50 MPa along (12-1)[-111]β, respectively.
Fig. 2. The microstructures obtained at τ=2.0 s under shear stress of (a) 10, (b) 30 and (c) 50 MPa, and (d) -10, (e) -30 and (f) -50 MPa along (12-1)[-111]β.
Fig. 3. Volume fraction of each variant as functions of time under positive shear stresses of (a) 10 MPa, (b) 30 MPa, (c) 50 MPa and negative shear stresses of (d) 10 MPa, (e) 30 MPa, (f) 50 MPa along (101)[-111]β. (g, h) The {0001} pole figure of α phase obtained by transformation under positive and negative stress of 50 MPa along (101)[-111]β, respectively.
Fig. 4. The microstructure obtained at τ=2.0 s under shear stress of (a) 10, (b) 30 and (c) 50 MPa, and (d) -10, (e) -30 and (f) -50 MPa along (101)[-111]β. (g, h) The distributions of normal (σ11) and shear (σ13/31) stresses on the y-z plane, respectively. The corresponding microstructure of V12 in (f) viewed along -x-axis are shown in the lower left corner of (g).
Fig. 5. Volume fraction of each variant as functions of time under compressive stresses of (a) 10 MPa, (b) 30 MPa, (c) 50 MPa and tensile stresses of (d) 10 MPa, (e) 30 MPa, (f) 50 MPa along [-111]β. (g, h) The {0001} pole figure of α phase under compressive and tensile stress of 50 MPa along [-111]β, respectively.
Fig. 6. Microstructure formed at τ=2.0 s during β to α transformation under compressive stress of (a) 50 MPa (variant clusters of (b) V2/V3, V5/V8 and (c) V9/V11) and tensile stress of (d) 50 MPa along [-111]β. (e) Cross-sectional view of the microstructure along [101]β. (f, g) Cross-sectional view of the variant cluster V1/V4/V6 and the microstructure (z = 50) under tensile stress of 50 MPa along [-111]β. Note that the specific α variants are labeled by numbers, besides the variant cluster of V1/V4/V6 marked by green dashed circles, the ones with mixed type variant interfaces indicated by yellow dashed circles. (h, i) indicate that the dominant stress component distributions of normal (σ33) and shear (σ23/32) stresses respectively. The stress field distribution characteristics of the variant clusters V1/V4/V6 are marked by black dashed circles.
Fig. 7. CPFEM calculation of the mechanical behavior of typical microstructure from high temperature deformation along with different directions. (a)-(d) Mises stress distributions in Ti-6Al-4 V alloy with corresponding microstructures cut from Fig. 2(d) and Fig. 4(f) after 20% tension and compression respectively. (e, f) True stress-true strain relations for deformation under 750 °C along with different directions. (g, h) True stress-true strain relations for deformation under room temperature along with different directions.
Fig. 8. Energy of elastic interaction between the applied homogeneous strain and each variant under 50 MPa of compression (a) and tension (b) along [-111]β.
Fig. 9. Energy of elastic interaction between applied homogeneous strain and each variant under -10 MPa (a, c) and 10 MPa (b, d) shear along (12-1)[-111]β (a, b) and (101)[-111]β (c, d).
Fig. 11. Cross-sectional view of the variants V7/V10/V12 in the microstructure under tensile stress of 10 MPa along [-111]β, viewed from [12-1]β direction (y-axis).
[1] | C. Leyens, M. Peters, Wein- heim, 2003. |
[2] | Y. Wang, N. Ma, Q. Chen, F. Zhang, S.L. Chen, Y.A. Chang, JOM 57 (2005) 32-39. |
[3] | G. Lütjering, J.C. Williams, Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. |
[4] | D.S. Xu, H. Wang, J.H. Zhang, C.G. Bai, R. Yang, in: W. Andreoni, S. Yip (Eds.), Handbook of Materials Modeling, Springer, 2020. |
[5] |
S. Nag, R. Banerjee, R. Srinivasan, J.Y. Hwang, M. Harper, H.L. Fraser, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 2136-2147.
DOI URL |
[6] |
F.J. Gil, M.P. Ginebra, J.M. Manero, J.A. Planell, J. Alloys Compd. 329 (2001) 142-152.
DOI URL |
[7] |
W.G. Burgers, Physica 1 (1934) 561-586.
DOI URL |
[8] |
Z.B. Zhao, Q.J. Wang, H. Wang, J.R. Liu, R. Yang, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 51 (2018) 1125-1132.
DOI URL |
[9] |
M. Humbert, N. Gey, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 35 (2002) 401-405.
DOI URL |
[10] |
R.P. Shi, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 61 (2013) 6006-6024.
DOI URL |
[11] |
B. Radhakrishnan, S. Gorti, S.S. Babu, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 47 (2016) 6577-6592.
DOI URL |
[12] |
S.C. Wang, M. Aindow, M.J. Starink, Acta Mater. 51 (2003) 2485-2503.
DOI URL |
[13] |
J. Romero, M. Preuss, J. Quinta da Fonseca, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 5501-5511.
DOI URL |
[14] |
T. Furuhara, T. Maki, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 312 (2001) 145-154.
DOI URL |
[15] |
Z.Q. Feng, Y.Q. Yang, B. Huang, X. Luo, M.H. Li, M. Han, M.S. Fu, Acta Mater. 59 (2011) 2412-2422.
DOI URL |
[16] |
Y.P. Zheng, W.D. Zeng, D. Li, J.W. Xu, X. Ma, X.B. Liang, J.W. Zhang, Mater. Des. 158 (2018) 46-61.
DOI URL |
[17] |
D. Bhattacharyya, G.B. Viswanathan, R. Denkenberger, D. Furrer, H.L. Fraser, Acta Mater. 51 (2003) 4679-4691.
DOI URL |
[18] |
D. Bhattacharyya, G.B. Viswanathan, H.L. Fraser, Acta Mater. 55 (2007) 6765-6778.
DOI URL |
[19] |
R.P. Shi, V. Dixit, H.L. Fraser, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 75 (2014) 156-166.
DOI URL |
[20] |
R.P. Shi, V. Dixit, G.B. Viswanathan, H.L. Fraser, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 102 (2016) 197-211.
DOI URL |
[21] |
R.P. Shi, C. Shen, S.A. Dregia, Y. Wang, Scr. Mater. 146 (2018) 276-280.
DOI URL |
[22] |
M.G. Glavicic, R.L. Goetz, D.R. Barker, G. Shen, D. Furrer, A. Woodfield, S. L. Semiatin, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 39 (2008) 887-896.
DOI URL |
[23] |
P. Bate, B. Hutchinson, Acta Mater. 48 (2000) 3183-3192.
DOI URL |
[24] |
D. Banerjee, J.C. Williams, Acta Mater. 61 (2013) 844-879.
DOI URL |
[25] |
L. Germain, N. Gey, M. Humbert, P. Vo, M. Jahazi, P. Bocher, Acta Mater. 56 (2008) 4298-4308.
DOI URL |
[26] |
L. Germain, N. Gey, M. Humbert, P. Bocher, M. Jahazi, Acta Mater. 53 (2005) 3535-3543.
DOI URL |
[27] |
M. Humbert, L. Germain, N. Gey, P. Bocher, M. Jahazi, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 430 (2006) 157-164.
DOI URL |
[28] |
K. Madangopal, J. Singh, S. Banerjee, Scr. Metall. Mater. 29 (1993) 725-728.
DOI URL |
[29] |
S. Miyazaki, K. Otsuka, C.M. Wayman, Acta Metall. 37 (1989) 1873-1884.
DOI URL |
[30] |
T. Saburi, C. Wayman, Acta Metall. 27 (1979) 979-995.
DOI URL |
[31] |
S. Balachandran, A. Kashiwar, A. Choudhury, D. Banerjee, R.P. Shi, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 106 (2016) 374-387.
DOI URL |
[32] |
E. Lee, R. Banerjee, S. Kar, D. Bhattacharyya, H.L. Fraser, Philos. Mag. 87 (2007) 3615-3627.
DOI URL |
[33] |
R.P. Shi, N. Zhou, S.R. Niezgoda, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 94 (2015) 224-243.
DOI URL |
[34] |
S.M.C. van Bohemen, A. Kamp, R.H. Petrov, L.A.I. Kestens, J. Sietsma, Acta Mater. 56 (2008) 5907-5914.
DOI URL |
[35] |
C.Y. Teng, A. Du, D.S. Xu, Y. Wang, R. Yang, Intermetallics 65 (2015) 1-9.
DOI URL |
[36] |
R.C. Liu, D. Liu, J. Tan, Y.Y. Cui, R. Yang, F.Y. Liu, P.A. Withey, Intermetallics 52 (2014) 110-123.
DOI URL |
[37] | J.H. Zhang, D.S. Xu, Y. Wang, R. Yang, Acta Metall. Sin. 52 (2016) 905-914. |
[38] |
D. Qiu, R.P. Shi, D. Zhang, W.J. Lu, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 88 (2015) 218-231.
DOI URL |
[39] |
R.P. Shi, N. Ma, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 60 (2012) 4172-4184.
DOI URL |
[40] |
Q. Chen, N. Ma, K.S. Wu, Y. Wang, Scr. Mater. 50 (2004) 471-476.
DOI URL |
[41] |
N. Zhou, D.C. Lv, H.L. Zhang, D. McAllister, F. Zhang, M.J. Mills, Y. Wang, Acta Mater. 65 (2014) 270-286.
DOI URL |
[42] |
Q. Luo, Y. Guo, B. Liu, Y. Feng, J. Zhang, Q. Li, K. Chou, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 44 (2020) 171-190.
DOI |
[43] |
C.Y. Teng, N. Zhou, Y. Wang, D.S. Xu, A. Du, Y.H. Wen, R. Yang, Acta Mater. 60 (2012) 6372-6381.
DOI URL |
[44] | A.G. Khachaturyan, New York, 1983. |
[45] | J.D. Gunton, M. San Miguel, P.S. Sahni, C. Domb, J.L. Lebowitz, London, 1983. |
[46] |
J.W. Cahn, Acta Metall. 9 (1961) 795-801.
DOI URL |
[47] |
J.O. Andersson, J. Agren, J. Appl. Phys. 72 (1992) 1350-1355.
DOI URL |
[48] |
S.G. Kim, W.T. Kim, T. Suzuki, Phys. Rev. E 60 (1999) 7186-7197.
PMID |
[49] |
H. Ledbetter, H. Ogi, S. Kai, S. Kim, M. Hirao, J. Appl. Phys. 95 (2004) 4642-4644.
DOI URL |
[50] |
Y. Wang, H.Y. Wang, L.Q. Chen, A.G. Khachaturyan, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 (1995) 657-661.
DOI URL |
[51] |
D.Y. Li, L.Q. Chen, Acta Mater. 46 (1998) 639-649.
DOI URL |
[52] |
D.Y. Li, L.Q. Chen, J. Phase Equilib. 19 (1998) 523-528.
DOI URL |
[53] |
D. Qiu, P.Y. Zhao, R.P. Shi, Y. Wang, W.J. Lu, Comput. Mater. Sci. 124 (2016) 282-289.
DOI URL |
[54] |
F. Roters, P. Eisenlohr, L. Hantcherli, D.D. Tjahjanto, T.R. Bieler, D. Raabe, Acta Mater. 58 (2010) 1152-1211.
DOI URL |
[55] |
J.H. Zhang, X.X. Li, D.S. Xu, R. Yang, Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater.Int. 29 (2019) 295-304.
DOI URL |
[56] | X.X. Li, D.S. Xu, R. Yang, Chin. J. Mater. Res. 33 (2019) 241-253. |
[57] | X.X. Li, D.S. Xu, R. Yang, Acta Metall. Sin. 55 (2019) 928-938. |
[58] | J.W. Hutchinson, R. Hill, Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 348 (1976) 101-127. |
[59] |
D. Peirce, R.J. Asaro, A. Needleman, Acta Metall. 31 (1983) 1951-1976.
DOI URL |
[60] | J.L. Bassani, T.Y. Wu, Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 435 (1991) 21-41. |
[61] |
Y. Guo, B. Liu, W. Xie, Q. Luo, Q. Li, Scr. Mater. 193 (2021) 127-131.
DOI URL |
[62] |
J.W. Christian, S. Mahajan, Prog. Mater. Sci. 39 (1995) 1-157.
DOI URL |
[63] |
R.J. Talling, R.J. Dashwood, M. Jackson, D. Dye, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 1188-1198.
DOI URL |
[64] |
H.Z. Zhong, Z. Liu, J.F. Gu, Mater. Charact. 131 (2017) 91-97.
DOI URL |
[65] |
E. Farabi, P.D. Hodgson, G.S. Rohrer, H. Beladi, Acta Mater. 154 (2018) 147-160.
DOI URL |
[66] |
N. Miyano, T. Norimura, T. Inaba, K. Ameyama, Mater. Trans. 47 (2006) 341-347.
DOI URL |
[67] |
T.W. Heo, S. Bhattacharyya, L.Q. Chen, Philos. Mag. 93 (2013) 1468-1489.
DOI URL |
[68] |
K. Madangopal, J. Singh, S. Banerjee, Scr. Metall. Mater. 25 (1991) 2153-2158.
DOI URL |
[1] | Fengying Zhang, Panpan Gao, Hua Tan, Yao Li, Yongnan Chen, Min Mei, Adam T. Clare, Lai-Chang Zhang. Tailoring grain morphology in Ti-6Al-3Mo through heterogeneous nucleation in directed energy deposition [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 88(0): 132-142. |
[2] | Yingying Zong, Jiwei Wang, Bin Shao, Wei Tang, Debin Shan. Mechanism and morphology evolution of the O phase transformation in Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 89(0): 97-106. |
[3] | X. Luo, L.H. Liu, C. Yang, H.Z. Lu, H.W. Ma, Z. Wang, D.D. Li, L.C. Zhang, Y.Y. Li. Overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off by tailoring grain-boundary metastable Si-containing phase in β-type titanium alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 68(0): 112-123. |
[4] | Y.M. Ren, X. Lin, H.O. Yang, H. Tan, J. Chen, Z.Y. Jian, J.Q. Li, W.D. Huang. Microstructural features of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured via high power laser directed energy deposition under low-cycle fatigue [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 83(0): 18-33. |
[5] | Zhenni Lei, Pengfei Gao, Xianxian Wang, Mei Zhan, Hongwei Li. Analysis of anisotropy mechanism in the mechanical property of titanium alloy tube formed through hot flow forming [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 86(0): 77-90. |
[6] | Lin Gao, Kai Li, Song Ni, Yong Du, Min Song. The growth mechanisms of θ′ precipitate phase in an Al-Cu alloy during aging treatment [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 61(0): 25-32. |
[7] | Yanxin Qiao, Daokui Xu, Shuo Wang, Yingjie Ma, Jian Chen, Yuxin Wang, Huiling Zhou. Effect of hydrogen charging on microstructural evolution and corrosion behavior of Ti-4Al-2V-1Mo-1Fe alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 60(0): 168-176. |
[8] | Chendong Zhao, Jinshan Li, Yudong Liu, Xiao Ma, Yujie Jin, William Yi Wang, Hongchao Kou, Jun Wang. Optimizing mechanical and magnetic properties of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy via FCC to BCC phase transformation [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 86(0): 117-126. |
[9] | Yan Ma, Muxin Yang, Fuping Yuan, Xiaolei Wu. Deformation induced hcp nano-lamella and its size effect on the strengthening in a CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 82(0): 122-134. |
[10] | Zhufeng He, Nan Jia, Hongwei Wang, Haile Yan, Yongfeng Shen. Synergy effect of multi-strengthening mechanisms in FeMnCoCrN HEA at cryogenic temperature [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 86(0): 158-170. |
[11] | Jianxiong Li, Anupam Vivek, Glenn Daehn. Improved properties and thermal stability of a titanium-stainless steel solid-state weld with a niobium interlayer [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 79(0): 191-204. |
[12] | Shuqun Chen, Jinshu Wang, Ronghai Wu, Zheng Wang, Yangzhong Li, Yiwen Lu, Wenyuan Zhou, Peng Hu, Hongyi Li. Insights into the nucleation, grain growth and phase transformation behaviours of sputtered metastable β-W films [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 90(0): 66-75. |
[13] | Zhong Li, Jie Wang, Yizhe Dong, Dake Xu, Xianhui Zhang, Jianhua Wu, Tingyue Gu, Fuhui Wang. Synergistic effect of chloride ion and Shewanella algae accelerates the corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 71(0): 177-185. |
[14] | Jia Sun, Min Qi, Jinhu Zhang, Xuexiong Li, Hao Wang, Yingjie Ma, Dongsheng Xu, Jiafeng Lei, Rui Yang. Formation mechanism of α lamellae during β→α transformation in polycrystalline dual-phase Ti alloys [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 71(0): 98-108. |
[15] | Baoguo Yuan, Xing Liu, Jiangfei Du, Qiang Chen, Yuanyuan Wan, Yunliang Xiang, Yan Tang, Xiaoxue Zhang, Zhongyue Huang. Effects of hydrogenation temperature on room-temperature compressive properties of CMHT-treated Ti6Al4V alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 72(0): 132-143. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||