J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2021, Vol. 85: 62-75.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.081
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
SeungHyeok Chunga, Bin Leeb, Soo Yeol Leec, Changwoo Dod, Ho Jin Ryua,*()
Received:
2020-10-20
Revised:
2020-11-19
Accepted:
2020-11-21
Published:
2021-09-20
Online:
2021-02-08
Contact:
Ho Jin Ryu
About author:
*E-mail address: hojinryu@kaist.ac.kr (H.J. Ryu).SeungHyeok Chung, Bin Lee, Soo Yeol Lee, Changwoo Do, Ho Jin Ryu. The effects of Y pre-alloying on the in-situ dispersoids of ODS CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 85: 62-75.
Powder | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Ni | Y | O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pristine HEA | 20.62 | 17.95 | 19.34 | 19.53 | 21.71 | - | 0.84 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 20.93 | 17.74 | 19.73 | 18.44 | 22.03 | 0.28 | 0.85 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 20.51 | 17.84 | 19.92 | 18.83 | 21.40 | 0.55 | 0.95 |
Table 1 Chemical composition of as-milled powders (wt%).
Powder | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Ni | Y | O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pristine HEA | 20.62 | 17.95 | 19.34 | 19.53 | 21.71 | - | 0.84 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 20.93 | 17.74 | 19.73 | 18.44 | 22.03 | 0.28 | 0.85 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 20.51 | 17.84 | 19.92 | 18.83 | 21.40 | 0.55 | 0.95 |
Fig. 2. STEM images and SAED patterns of (a) as-atomized, (c) as-milled powder and the STEM-EDS mapping images of (b) as-atomized, (d) as-milled powder.
Crystallite size (nm) | Dislocation density (1016 m-2) | |
---|---|---|
Pristine HEA | 8.95 ± 0.39 | 0.88 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 5.28 ± 0.47 | 1.60 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 6.19 ± 0.42 | 2.74 |
Table 2 Crystallite size and dislocation density for the as-milled powders obtained by the CMWP method.
Crystallite size (nm) | Dislocation density (1016 m-2) | |
---|---|---|
Pristine HEA | 8.95 ± 0.39 | 0.88 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 5.28 ± 0.47 | 1.60 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 6.19 ± 0.42 | 2.74 |
Fig. 5. EBSD patterns of the pristine HEA and ODS-HEAs sintered at various sintering temperatures and TKD image from the ultrafine grain region of the Y-alloyed ODS-HEA.
Pristine HEA | Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | |
---|---|---|---|
973 K | 0.48 ± 0.26 | 0.26 ± 0.14 | 0.17 ± 0.14 |
1073 K | 1.38 ± 1.38 | 0.49 ± 0.17 | 0.23 ± 0.16 |
1173 K | 2.63 ± 2.5 | 1.03 ± 0.66 | 0.33 ± 0.27 |
Table 3 Average grain size (μm) determined from the EBSD patterns for the alloys as a function of the sintering temperature.
Pristine HEA | Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | |
---|---|---|---|
973 K | 0.48 ± 0.26 | 0.26 ± 0.14 | 0.17 ± 0.14 |
1073 K | 1.38 ± 1.38 | 0.49 ± 0.17 | 0.23 ± 0.16 |
1173 K | 2.63 ± 2.5 | 1.03 ± 0.66 | 0.33 ± 0.27 |
Fig. 6. STEM-HAADF images of (a) the pristine HEA, (d) Y2O3-added ODS-HEA and (g) Y-alloyed ODS-HEA; HRTEM and FFT reflections of dispersoid in (b, c) the pristine HEA, (e, f) Y2O3-added ODS-HEA and (h, i) Y-alloyed ODS-HEA.
Fig. 8. 3D reconstruction data of the Y2O3-added APT data, showing (a) 3-D atom map, (b) atom map of Y/YO, O, CrO, MnO and NiO, (c) 1-D APT concentration profile of dispersoid A from the unit cylinder volume (d = 10 nm and h = 40 nm) and (d) dispersoid B from the unit cylinder volume (d = 10 nm and h = 25 nm).
Fig. 9. 3D reconstruction data of the Y-alloyed APT data, showing (a) 3-D atom map, (b) atom map of Y/YO, O, CrO, MnO and NiO, (c)1-D APT concentration profile of dispersoid C from the unit cylinder volume (d = 10 nm and h = 40 nm) and (d) dispersoid D from the unit cylinder volume (d = 10 nm and h=20 nm).
Fig. 10. (a) SANS profiles, (b) volume size distribution evaluated by SANS and (c) volume size distribution by TEM image analysis of the bulk specimens sintered at 1173 K.
Alloy | Dispersoid | Density(g/cc) | Δρ2(1020 cm-4) |
---|---|---|---|
Pristine | Cr2MnO4 | 4.93 | 0.071 |
CrMn2O4 | 4.91 | 1.605 | |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | Y2O3 | 5.01 | 0.355 |
YCrO4 | 4.3 | 0.311 | |
YMn0.5Ni0.5O3 | 5.92 | 2.056 | |
YMn0.75Ni0.25O3 | 5.81 | 0.526 | |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | Y2O3 | 5.01 | 0.355 |
YCrO4 | 4.3 | 0.311 | |
YMn0.5Ni0.5O3 | 5.92 | 2.056 | |
YMn0.75Ni0.25O3 | 5.81 | 0.526 |
Table 4 Candidate dispersoid types, density and neutron scattering contrast for the pristine HEA, Y2O3-added and Y-alloyed ODS-HEA.
Alloy | Dispersoid | Density(g/cc) | Δρ2(1020 cm-4) |
---|---|---|---|
Pristine | Cr2MnO4 | 4.93 | 0.071 |
CrMn2O4 | 4.91 | 1.605 | |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | Y2O3 | 5.01 | 0.355 |
YCrO4 | 4.3 | 0.311 | |
YMn0.5Ni0.5O3 | 5.92 | 2.056 | |
YMn0.75Ni0.25O3 | 5.81 | 0.526 | |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | Y2O3 | 5.01 | 0.355 |
YCrO4 | 4.3 | 0.311 | |
YMn0.5Ni0.5O3 | 5.92 | 2.056 | |
YMn0.75Ni0.25O3 | 5.81 | 0.526 |
Dispersoid diameter (TEM) | Dispersoid volume fraction (TEM) | Dispersoid diameter (SANS) | Dispersoid volume fraction (SANS) | Dislocation density (XRD) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dist. 1 | Dist. 2 | Dist. 1 | Dist. 2 | ||||
Pristine HEA | 31.32 ± 19.42 nm | 1.25% | 8.10 nm | 45.28 nm | 0.81% | 1.48% | 1.09 × 1014 m-2 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 41.89 ± 34.76 nm | 1.73% | 3.92 nm | 24.79 nm | 0.31% | 3.95% | 2.71 × 1014 m-2 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 17.38 ± 8.27 nm | 1.07% | 4.07 nm | 27.30 nm | 0.96% | 0.94% | 6.80 × 1014 m-2 |
Table 5 The dispersoid diameter, volume fraction and dislocation density of the pristine HEA, Y2O3-added and Y-alloyed ODS-HEA bulk specimen sintered at 1173 K.
Dispersoid diameter (TEM) | Dispersoid volume fraction (TEM) | Dispersoid diameter (SANS) | Dispersoid volume fraction (SANS) | Dislocation density (XRD) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dist. 1 | Dist. 2 | Dist. 1 | Dist. 2 | ||||
Pristine HEA | 31.32 ± 19.42 nm | 1.25% | 8.10 nm | 45.28 nm | 0.81% | 1.48% | 1.09 × 1014 m-2 |
Y2O3-added ODS-HEA | 41.89 ± 34.76 nm | 1.73% | 3.92 nm | 24.79 nm | 0.31% | 3.95% | 2.71 × 1014 m-2 |
Y-alloyed ODS-HEA | 17.38 ± 8.27 nm | 1.07% | 4.07 nm | 27.30 nm | 0.96% | 0.94% | 6.80 × 1014 m-2 |
Fig. 12. Comparison between calculated yield strength using dispersoid information estimated by TEM (left) and SANS (right) of (a) the pristine, (b) Y2O3-added and (c) Y-alloyed ODS-HEA.
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