J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2021, Vol. 75: 174-183.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.08.061
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
C.C. Zhang, H.L. Wei, T.T. Liu*(), L.Y. Jiang, T. Yang, W.H. Liao*()
Received:
2020-06-20
Revised:
2020-08-03
Accepted:
2020-08-19
Published:
2020-09-29
Online:
2020-09-29
Contact:
T.T. Liu,W.H. Liao
About author:
cnwho@njust.edu.cn (W.H. Liao).C.C. Zhang, H.L. Wei, T.T. Liu, L.Y. Jiang, T. Yang, W.H. Liao. Influences of residual stress and micro-deformation on microstructures and mechanical properties for Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 75: 174-183.
Element | Ti | Al | Mo | Zr | Si | Fe | C | O | N | H |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content (wt, %) | Bal | 6.6 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Table 1 The chemical composition of Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy.
Element | Ti | Al | Mo | Zr | Si | Fe | C | O | N | H |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content (wt, %) | Bal | 6.6 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Process parameters | VED (J/mm3) | Note | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
P (W) | V (mm/s) | h (μm) | ||
195 | 1250 | 87 | 59.8 | Group-I |
210 | 1250 | 90 | 62.2 | |
225 | 1250 | 95.5 | 62.8 | |
225 | 850 | 105 | 84.0 | Group-II |
210 | 850 | 97.5 | 84.5 | |
195 | 850 | 89 | 85.9 |
Table 2 Forming parameters of the specimens.
Process parameters | VED (J/mm3) | Note | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
P (W) | V (mm/s) | h (μm) | ||
195 | 1250 | 87 | 59.8 | Group-I |
210 | 1250 | 90 | 62.2 | |
225 | 1250 | 95.5 | 62.8 | |
225 | 850 | 105 | 84.0 | Group-II |
210 | 850 | 97.5 | 84.5 | |
195 | 850 | 89 | 85.9 |
Fig. 2. (a) Schematic of scanning strategies, (b) actual photograph of the as-built samples, (c) 3D representative microstructure of the specimens, and (d) configuration of tensile samples.
Fig. 4. Pores morphologies of the specimens with different VEDs: (a) 59.8 J/mm3, (b) 62.2 J/mm3, (c) 62.8 /mm3, (d) 84 /mm3, (e) 84.5 J/mm3, and (f) 85.9 J/mm3.
Fig. 6. (a) Typical SEM images of the specimens with 59.8 J/mm3, (b) schematic diagram of the BCC→HCP phase transition, and (c) schematic diagram of the nucleation and growth of the α' phase.
Fig. 7. Typical EBSD images of the specimens: (a-c) 59.8 J/mm3, and (d-f) 85.9 J/mm3, (a, d) image quality photos, (b, e) GND density images, (c, f) GND density values.
Fig. 9. (a) Mechanical properties of the as-built specimens, (b) ultimate tensile strength vs. total elongation to failure for LPBF-Ti6Al4V and DED-Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si specimens [[41], [42], [43], [44]].
Fig. 10. Fracture surface morphologies of the specimens with different VEDs: (a) 59.8 J/mm3, (b) 62.2 J/mm3, (c) 62.8 J/mm3, (d) 84 J/mm3, (e) 84.5 J/mm3, and (f) 85.9 J/mm3.
Fig. 11. Typical TEM images of the deformed specimens: (a) 59.8 J/mm3, (b) 85.9 J/mm3, and (c-d) dislocations and dislocation slip paths were obstructed by twin boundary.
Fig. 12. Fracture mechanism of the specimens: (a) as-built, (b) α' lamellar structures generated, (c) formation of twin structures and ECG paths, and (d) the fracture caused by pores.
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