Controllable synthesis of mesoporous carbon hollow microsphere twined by CNT for enhanced microwave absorption performance

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.04.048

Abstract

Abstract:

The low dielectric loss of mesoporous carbon hollow microsphere (PCHM) requires high filler loading (higher than 20 wt%) when it is used as microwave absorbers. In order to decrease the filler loading of PCHM, a new strategy for synergistic increase of polarization and conductive loss was developed by twining PCHM with carbon nanotube (CNT) according to theoretic calculation. By the optimization of CNT content, the minimum reflection coefficient was -34.6 dB with a filler loading of only 10 wt%, which was much lower than -2.1 dB of PCHM. In addition, the effective absorption bandwidth was 3.6 GHz at X band with a thickness of 2.8 mm. The enhanced microwave absorption performance can be ascribed to the unique combination of hollow PCHM and one-dimensional CNT with higher graphitization degree, leading to increase of conductivity and heterogeneous interfaces. As a result, the conductive loss increased from 0.12 to 2.27 and polarization loss increased from 0.15 to 0.67, achieving the balance between attenuation ability and impedance match.

Key words: Microwave absorption, Interfacial polarization, Carbon, Polarization loss

Minghang Li, Xiaomeng Fan, Hailong Xu, Fang Ye, Jimei Xue, Xiaoqiang Li, Laifei Cheng. Controllable synthesis of mesoporous carbon hollow microsphere twined by CNT for enhanced microwave absorption performance[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 59: 164-172.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1. The relationship between permittivity and (a) α and (b) |Zin-1| with a thickness of 3.6 mm and 9 GHz.

Fig. 2. (a) Schematic for the preparation of PCHM@CNT. SEM images of (b) sample S0, (c) S1, (d) S2, (e) S3, (f) S4. (g) XRD patterns of samples S0-S4.

Table 1 The contents of CNT with increase of reaction time.

Samples	S0	S1	S2	S3	S4
Reaction Time (min)	0	10	15	20	25
Contents of CNT (wt%)	0	14.2	37.62	90.98	61.52

Fig. 3. TEM images of (a) PCHM and (b) PCHM@CNT particles. (c) HRTEM image and (d) HAADF image of PCHM@CNT and the corresponding (e-g) EDS results.

Fig. 4. The (a) Raman and (b) FT-IR spectra of PCHM@CNT of all five samples.

Fig. 5. N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm (a, c) and pore size distribution (b, d) of PCHM@CNT (sample S2) and PCHM (sample S0).

Fig. 6. Electromagnetic parameters of all the samples: (a) ε′ value, (b) ε′′ value, (c) tanδ and (d) attenuation constant.

Fig. 7. The 3D plots of RC values of samples with different deposition time: (a) S0, (b) S1, (c) S2, (d) S3, (e) S4 and (f) |Zin-1| of five samples.

Fig. 8. The typical properties of carbon-based EM wave absorbers.

Fig. 9. (a) Electrical conductivity of five samples and (b) polarization loss and conductive loss with deposition time.

Fig. 10. Schematic of EM wave absorption.

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