Ti2AlC triggered in-situ ultrafine TiC/Inconel 718 composites: Microstructure and enhanced properties

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

In situ ultrafine TiC dispersion reinforced Inconel 718 alloy with enhanced mechanical properties was fabricated by the technique of reactive hot-press sintering Ti₂AlC and In718 powders. The effect of Ti₂AlC precursor additions (5 vol.%, 10 vol.%, 15 vol.%) on microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC/In718 composites were investigated. A relationship of microstructural characteristics, room and elevated temperature mechanical performance, and underlying strengthening mechanisms were analyzed. The results show that initial Ti₂AlC precursor transformed completely into ultrafine TiC particulate (～230 nm) and distributed uniformly in the matrix after sintering 5 and 10 vol.% Ti₂AlC/In718. However, TiC particulates tended to aggregate to stripes with the addition of Ti₂AlC up to 15 vol.%, which, in adverse, weaken the properties of In718. The 5 vol.% Ti₂AlC/In718 sample showed a higher tensile strength of 1404 ± 13 MPa with a noticeable elongation of 9.8% at room temperature compared to the pure In718 (ultimate tensile strength (UTS) = 1310 MPa, elongation = 21.5%). At 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C, tensile strength of the as-sintered 5 vol.% Ti₂AlC/In718 composite was determined to be 1333 ± 13 MPa, 1010 ± 10 MPa, 685 ± 25 MPa and 276 ± 3 MPa, increased by 9.2%, 14.6%,14.2% and 55%, respectively, compared with that of monolithic In718 alloy. The excellent tensile properties of TiC/In718 composite can be ascribed to the combined mechanisms in term of increased dislocation density, dispersive Orowan and load transfer mechanisms.

Key words: Inconel 718, TiC reinforcement, Ti₂AlC, High temperature properties, Tensile strength

Wenqiang Hu, Zhenying Huang, Qun Yu, Yuanbo Wang, Yidan Jiao, Cong Lei, Leping Cai, Hongxiang Zhai, Yang Zhou. Ti₂AlC triggered in-situ ultrafine TiC/Inconel 718 composites: Microstructure and enhanced properties[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 51: 70-78.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. Typical morphologies of the starting In718 powder (a), Ti2AlC precursor particles (b), and the uniformly blended Ti2AlC/Inconel 718 composite powder by plenary milling (c).

Table 1 Nominal composition of In718 alloy.

Ni	Fe	Cr	Nb	Mo	Ti	Al	C	S
Balance	18.63	17.65	4.79	3.07	0.86	0.6	0.04	0.03

Fig. 2. XRD patterns of starting materials and fabricated TiC/Inconel 718 composite parts: (a) Ti2AlC powders; (b) In718 powders; (c) 5TAC/In718; (d) 10TAC/In718; (e) 15TAC/In718.

Table 2 XRD data showing displacement and inter-planar spacing variations of the peaks corresponding to (111) and (200) of γ phase.

Samples	(111) lattice plane		(200) lattice plane
Samples	2θ (deg.)	d₍₁₁₁₎	2θ (deg)	d₍₂₀₀₎
In718	43.772	2.0665	50.901	1.7922
5TAC/In718	43.625	2.0729	50.712	1.7986
10TAC/In718	43.574	2.0752	50.701	1.7989
15TAC/In718	43.521	2.0775	50.623	1.8015

Fig. 3. Microstructures of as-prepared composites: (a, c, e) surface microstructures of 5TAC/In718, 10TAC/In718 and 15TAC/In718 in BSE mode; (b, d, f) higher magnification microstructure in (a, c, e), respectively.

Fig. 4. SEM image of (a) the in-situ formed TiC powder in 5TAC/In718 composite and the statistical result showing (b) the corresponding particle size distribution.

Fig. 5. (a) Bright field image of 5TAC/In718 composite showing nano-TiC distribution in the interior of matrix, (b, c) the corresponding diffraction patterns of In718 matrix and TiC phases, (d) bright field image of 5TAC/In718 composite showing nano-TiC distribution on the boundary of matrix, (e) HRTEM image of the interface between TiC particle and matrix, (f) the corresponding FFT patterns of yellow frame in (e), (g) the inversed FFT image of (f).

Fig. 6. EDS result of in-situ formed TiC particulate in In718 matrix corresponding to Fig. 5(a).

Fig. 7. (a) Engineering stress-strain curves and tensile performance comparison (inset) of processed In718 samples with different volume of Ti2AlC particles and (b) ultimate tensile strength versus specific elongation of prepared TiC/In718 composite (5 vol.% Ti2AlC) in comparison with the results from other Inconel-series composite and alloys [[32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40]].

Fig. 8. (a) Engineering stress-strain curves of processed In718 samples and TiC/In718 composite at high temperature and (b) tensile performance comparison.

Fig. 9. Fractural morphologies of as fabricated In718 alloy (a, b) and 5TAC/In718 (c, d), 10TAC/In718 (e, f) and 15TAC/In718 (g, h) composites at low (a, c, e, g) and high (b, d, f, h) magnification after tensile test at room temperature.

Fig. 10. Fractural morphologies of as fabricated In718 alloy (a, b) and TiC/In718 (c, d) composites at low (a, c) and high (b, d) magnification composites after tensile test at 700 °C.

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Ti₂AlC triggered in-situ ultrafine TiC/Inconel 718 composites: Microstructure and enhanced properties

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