Large electromechanical strain at high temperatures of novel <001> textured BiFeGaO3-BaTiO3 based ceramics

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.12.033

Abstract

Abstract:

BiFeGaO₃-BaTiO₃ (BFG-BT) based ceramics with a large piezoelectric coefficient are potential high performance lead-free piezoelectric compounds. In this work, textured and random BFG-BT ceramics were realized by the solid state reaction method with and without BaTiO₃ (BT) templates. Textured ceramics were obtained by a reactive templated grain growth (RTGG) method leading to a high-temperature electromechanical strain of S = 0.27 % at 40 kV/cm and to an effective piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃*) up to 685 pm/V at 180 °C. The easy movement of oriented domains enhanced the electromechanical strain under an applied electric field in textured sample (Lotgering factor f = 66.3 %). Structural investigations reveal that the proportion and degree of distortion of BFG-BT rhombohedral phase (R3c) reached its maximum in textured ceramics, resulting in large ferrodistortive displacements under electric fields. In addition, the dense nanodomains with low domain wall energies, inferred from the high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) observations, contribute to the extra displacement of the textured sample under an applied electric field. In textured ceramics, the remnant polarization was stable (about 17 μC/cm²) from room temperature to 180 °C, contributing to the stable ferroelectric property at high temperatures. Through the introduction of BT templates, high-density nanodomains were formed and the Burns temperature was enhanced in textured ceramics. The electromechanical strain, polarization and dielectric behavior were correlated to the textured or random forms of the BFG-BT based ceramics.

Key words: Textured ceramics, Strain hysteresis, Reactive templated grain growth, Dielectric responses

Jiangguli Peng, Wenbin Liu, Jiangtao Zeng, Liaoying Zheng, Guorong Li, Anthony Rousseau, Alain Gibaud, Abdelhadi Kassiba. Large electromechanical strain at high temperatures of novel <001> textured BiFeGaO₃-BaTiO₃ based ceramics[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 48: 92-99.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1. BSE microstructures of BFG-BT: (a) random-1 sample; (b) random-2 sample; (c) textured sample.

Fig. 2. Rietveld fits to XRD data for (a) random-1 sample, (b) random-2 sample, (c) textured sample and (d) XRD patterns of textured BFG-BT and random-1 samples.

Fig. 3. Evolution of (100), (110), (111) peak position with temperatures for (a) random-1 sample, (b) random-2 sample, (c) textured sample from room temperature to 300 °C and (d) variation of lattice parameter a as a function of temperature of the rhombohedral phase in random and textured samples.

Fig. 4. (a) TEM bright field images of domain configurations of textured samples, (b) HR-TEM image of lattice fringes of textured samples and (c) SAED patterns of textured samples along [3 4ˉ 1] mirror.

Fig. 5. TEM bright field images of domain configurations of (a) random-1 sample, (b) random-2 sample and (c) textured sample at room temperature.

Fig. 6. Polarizations of random-1 BFG-BT, random-2 BFG-BT, textured BFG-BT at different temperatures.

Fig. 7. Remnant polarizations of random-1 BFG-BT, random-2 BFG-BT, textured BFG-BT at different temperatures.

Fig. 8. Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant as a function of frequencies of (a) random-1 BFG-BT, (b) random-2 BFG-BT and (c) textured BFG-BT; temperature dependence of dielectric losses as a function of frequencies of (d) random-1 BFG-BT, (e) random-2 BFG-BT and (f) textured BFG-BT.

Fig. 9. Temperature dependences of the reciprocal of relative dielectric permittivity at 10 kHz of (a) random-1 BFG-BT, (b) random-2 BFG-BT and (c) textured BFG-BT; The log?(1/ε-1/εm) versus log?(T-Tm) curves at temperatures above Tm at 10 kHz of (d) random-1 BFG-BT, (e) random-2 BFG-BT and (f) textured BFG-BT.

Fig. 10. Bipolar S-E responses of (a) random-1 BFG-BT, (b) random-2 BFG-BT and (c) textured BFG-BT; (d) piezoelectric coefficient d33* of three samples with different temperature at 40 kV/cm, (e) Pmax2-P r2 with different temperature, (f) piezoelectric coefficient d33* of three samples with different temperature at 10 kV/cm.

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Large electromechanical strain at high temperatures of novel <001> textured BiFeGaO₃-BaTiO₃ based ceramics

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