J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2021, Vol. 63: 18-26.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2019.12.030

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The synergistic effect of 3D-printed microscale roughness surface and nanoscale feature on enhancing osteogenic differentiation and rapid osseointegration

Hui Wanga,b, Jiaqiang Liua, Chengtao Wangc, Steve Guofang Shena,d,*(), Xudong Wanga,*(), Kaili Lina,*()   

  1. aDepartment of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
    bSchool & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
    cSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
    dShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
  • Received:2019-10-29 Revised:2019-12-16 Accepted:2019-12-26 Published:2021-02-10 Online:2021-02-15
  • Contact: Steve Guofang Shen,Xudong Wang,Kaili Lin
  • About author:lklecnu@aliyun.com (K. Lin).
    xudongwang70@hotmail.com (X. Wang),
    *Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Uni-versity School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stom-atology, Shanghai, 200011, China.E-mail addresses: maxillofacsurg@163.com (S.G. Shen),
    First author contact:

    1These two authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract:

Personalized precision therapy and rapid osseointegration are the main development directions of dental implants. 3D printing is a vital advanced manufacturing technology for personalized precision therapy. However, the osteogenesis of the 3D printed Ti6Al4V implants is unsatisfactory. From the bionic perspective, the hierarchical micro/nano-topography can mimic the microenvironment of the multilevel structure of natural bone tissue and may endow the implant surface with superior bioactivity. In the present study, the hierarchical micro/nano-topography was successfully fabricated by construction the nanoscale feature on 3D printed microscale roughness surface of 3D-printed Ti6Al4V implants by alkali-heat treatment and hydrothermal treatment. Then the cell biological responses in vitro and osseointegration performance in vivo were systematically evaluated. The hierarchical micro/nano-topography evidently increased the roughness, improved the hydrophilicity and accelerated the hydroxyapatite deposition and mineralization, which significantly enhanced the adhesion, differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). Most importantly, the hierarchical micro/nano-topography on 3D-printed implants facilitated the new bone formation and rapid osseointegration in vivo. Our study suggested that 3D-printed implant with micro/nano-topography may be a promising candidate to be applied in orthopedic field to meet the need of customized therapy and rapid osseointegration.

Key words: Titanium alloy, Three-dimensional printing, Alkali-heat-treatment, Micro/nano-topography, Hierarchical structure, Rapid osseointegration