J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2020, Vol. 45: 207-214.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2019.11.028
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Hao Yua, Wei Xua,b,*(), Sybrand van der Zwaaga
Received:
2019-09-27
Revised:
2019-11-07
Accepted:
2019-11-07
Published:
2020-05-15
Online:
2020-05-27
Contact:
Wei Xu
Hao Yu, Wei Xu, Sybrand van der Zwaag. Microstructure and dislocation structure evolution during creep life of Ni-based single crystal superalloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 45: 207-214.
Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the microstructure evolution of Ni superalloy single crystals during high temperature low stress creep loading. The black phase is the γ’ phase, while the white phase marks the γ phase. The stress is applied in the direction parallel to the y-axis [10].
Fig. 4. The minimum creep rate of commercial Ni single crystal superalloys as a function of interfacial dislocation spacing during 1100 °C, 137 MPa creep [11,57,65].
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Lamellar spacing exponent, n | 1.5 |
Schmid factor, Mˉ | 1/6 |
Burger’s factor, b | 2.5 × 10-10 m |
Dislocation density in γ’ phase, ργ’ | 109 m-2 |
Dislocation density in γ phase, ργ | 1011 m-2 |
Initial size of γ’ particles, ω0 | 4 × 10-7 m |
Table 1 Microstructural parameters and physical constants used in equation [70,76].
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Lamellar spacing exponent, n | 1.5 |
Schmid factor, Mˉ | 1/6 |
Burger’s factor, b | 2.5 × 10-10 m |
Dislocation density in γ’ phase, ργ’ | 109 m-2 |
Dislocation density in γ phase, ργ | 1011 m-2 |
Initial size of γ’ particles, ω0 | 4 × 10-7 m |
Sample | Al | Co | Cr | Hf | Mo | Re | Ru | Ta | Ti | W | Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TMS-75 | 6 | 12 | 3 | 0,1 | 2 | 5 | - | 6 | - | 6 | Bal. |
CMSX-4 | 5,6 | 9 | 6,5 | 0,1 | 0,6 | 3 | - | 6,5 | 1 | 6 | |
ERBO/39 | 4,4 | 8,92 | 5,11 | - | 0,97 | - | - | 6,7 | 3 | 9 | |
ERBO/38 | 5,54 | 8,71 | 5,12 | - | 0,95 | - | - | 6,54 | 0,79 | 9,05 | |
ERBO/37 | 6 | 8,74 | 5,14 | - | 0,95 | - | - | 6,56 | - | 9,09 | |
ERBO/36 | 5,65 | 8,89 | 5,23 | - | 0,96 | - | - | 6,67 | - | 6,19 | |
ASTRA100 | 6,13 | 8,92 | 5,25 | - | 0,97 | - | - | 6,7 | - | 6,19 | |
CMSX-10K | 5,7 | 3 | 2 | 0,03 | 0,4 | 6 | - | 8 | 0,2 | 5 | |
TMS-138 | 5,9 | 5,9 | 2,9 | 0,1 | 2,9 | 4,9 | 2 | 5,6 | - | 5,9 | |
TMS-162 | 5,8 | 5,8 | 2,9 | 0,1 | 3,9 | 4,9 | 6 | 5,6 | - | 5,8 | |
LSC-15 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 0,1 | 1,5 | - | - | 5,5 | - | 10 | |
SX-0Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 | |
SX-2Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 | |
SX-4Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 |
Table 2 Chemical compositions of commercial Ni single crystal superalloys (wt%) [65,77,[91], [92], [93], [94]].
Sample | Al | Co | Cr | Hf | Mo | Re | Ru | Ta | Ti | W | Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TMS-75 | 6 | 12 | 3 | 0,1 | 2 | 5 | - | 6 | - | 6 | Bal. |
CMSX-4 | 5,6 | 9 | 6,5 | 0,1 | 0,6 | 3 | - | 6,5 | 1 | 6 | |
ERBO/39 | 4,4 | 8,92 | 5,11 | - | 0,97 | - | - | 6,7 | 3 | 9 | |
ERBO/38 | 5,54 | 8,71 | 5,12 | - | 0,95 | - | - | 6,54 | 0,79 | 9,05 | |
ERBO/37 | 6 | 8,74 | 5,14 | - | 0,95 | - | - | 6,56 | - | 9,09 | |
ERBO/36 | 5,65 | 8,89 | 5,23 | - | 0,96 | - | - | 6,67 | - | 6,19 | |
ASTRA100 | 6,13 | 8,92 | 5,25 | - | 0,97 | - | - | 6,7 | - | 6,19 | |
CMSX-10K | 5,7 | 3 | 2 | 0,03 | 0,4 | 6 | - | 8 | 0,2 | 5 | |
TMS-138 | 5,9 | 5,9 | 2,9 | 0,1 | 2,9 | 4,9 | 2 | 5,6 | - | 5,9 | |
TMS-162 | 5,8 | 5,8 | 2,9 | 0,1 | 3,9 | 4,9 | 6 | 5,6 | - | 5,8 | |
LSC-15 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 0,1 | 1,5 | - | - | 5,5 | - | 10 | |
SX-0Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 | |
SX-2Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 | |
SX-4Ru | 6 | - | 4 | - | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 0,5 | 5 |
Fig. 5. Calculated diffusivity and volume fraction of γ and γ’ phase, as well as the lattice misfit of existing Ni single crystal grades at 1100 °C (a) and the experimental minimum creep rates of alloys at 1100 °C, 137 MPa [65,91,92] (b). The lines connecting the individual data points have no physical meaning and are only added to guide the eye. The order of the superalloys along the x-axis is based on the generation of Ni commercial single crystal superalloys.
Fig. 6. Simulated minimum creep rate of existing Ni commercial grades compared with the experimental results obtained from the literature [65,77,[91], [92], [93], [94]].
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