Evolution of phase stresses in Al/SiCp composite during thermal cycling and compression test studied using diffraction and self-consistent models

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.03.046

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, the evolutions of stresses in both phases of the Al/SiC_p composite subjected to thermal cycling during in situ compression test were measured using Time of Flight neutron diffraction. It was confirmed that inter-phase stresses in the studied composite can be caused by differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion for the reinforcement and matrix, leading to a different variation of phase volumes during sample heating or cooling. The results of the diffraction experiment during thermal cycling were well predicted by the Thermo-Mechanical Self-Consistent model. The experimental study of elastic-plastic deformation was carried out in situ on a unique diffractometer EPSILON-MDS (JINR in Dubna, Russia) with nine detector banks measuring interplanar spacings simultaneously in 9 orientations of scattering vector. For the first time, the performed analysis of experimental data allowed to study the evolution of full stress tensor in both phases of the composite and to consider the decomposition of this tensor into deviatoric and hydrostatic components. It was found that the novel Developed Thermo-Mechanical Self-Consistent model correctly predicted stress evolution during compressive loading, taking into account the relaxation of thermal origin hydrostatic stresses. The comparison of this model with experimental data at the macroscopic level and the level of phases showed that strengthening of the Al/SiC_p composite is caused by stress transfer from the plastically deformed Al2124 matrix to the elastic SiC_p reinforcement, while thermal stresses relaxation does not significantly affect the overall composite properties.

Key words: Stress relaxation, Strengthening mechanism, Plastic deformation, Multiscale model, Metal matrix composites, Neutron diffraction

Przemysł Kot; aw, BaczmańAndrzej ski, GadalińElż ska; bieta, WrońSebastian ski, WrońMarcin ski, WróMirosł bel; aw, Gizo Bokuchava, ScheffzüChristian k, Krzysztof Wierzbanowski. Evolution of phase stresses in Al/SiC_p composite during thermal cycling and compression test studied using diffraction and self-consistent models[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 36: 176-189.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1. Comparison of anisotropic and isotropic crystallographic EPSC models used to predict macroscopic stress-strain plots for Al/SiCp composite containing 30% of spherical SiCp inclusions. The stress-strain plot for single phase Al is also shown.

Table 1 Composition of the Al2124 alloy (wt %).

Cu	Mg	Mn	Fe	Zn	Si	Ti	Cr	Al
4.18	1.46	0.52	0.3	0.25	0.2	0.15	0.1	balance

Fig. 2. Microstructure of the studied Al/SiCp composite - SEM image.

Fig. 3. Experimental setup at the FSD (a) and EPSILON-MDS (b) diffractometers. Orientations of the scattering vector for nine detector banks at EPSILON-MDS diffractometer (b) are defined relative to the sample system S, using the ψ and ϕ angles (cf. Table 2).

Table 2 Orientations of the scattering vector with respect to the sample for nine diffractometers installed at EPSILON-MSD diffractometer defined by ψ and φ angles (cf. Fig. 3).

Detector	L1	L2	L3	L4	L5	L6	L7	L8	L9
ψ°	14.81	0.00	14.81	47.22	60.00	71.29	88.10	90.00	88.10
φ°	352.53	0.00	7.47	25.92	35.26	45.81	75.31	90.00	104.69

Table 3 Physical properties of SiC [51] and Al2124 alloy [52] - elastic properties at room temperature are given.

Material	Young modulus (GPa)	Poisson ratio	Single crystal elastic constants (GPa)					Measured mean CTE (K^-1) for the range: 22 °C - 500 °C
Material	Young modulus (GPa)	Poisson ratio	c11	c33	c44	c12	c13	Measured mean CTE (K^-1) for the range: 22 °C - 500 °C
6H-SiC	460	0.21	501	553	163	111	52	3.3 × 10^-6
Al	68	0.33	105.8	28.3	28.3	60.4	60.4	27.5 × 10^-6

Table 4 Value of τc (CRSS) and H (hardening parameter) for slip systems in aluminium alloy.

Material	Type of testing	τc (MPa)	H (MPa)
Al2124 - unreinforced	Tensile	120	50
Al/SiC_p - composite	Tensile and compression	120	50

Fig. 4. (a) Overall tensile stress Σ vs. overall strain E and (b) von Mises stresses in each constituent of the composite during tensile test. The results of prediction are shown for the Al2124 unreinforced alloy and for the alloy forming matrix of Al/SiCp composite. The experimental results are compared with two versions of the EPSC model.

Fig. 5. TOF diffractograms measured on the FSD diffractometer at ambient temperature are shown for Al2124 unreinforced alloy (red) and SiC powder (black) in figure (a) and for Al/SiCp composite in figure (b). The diffractogram at the temperature of 300 °C is presented for Al/SiCp composite (c).

Fig. 6. Relative changes ε11{hkl}T in interplanar spacings for: (a) Al2124 alloy and SiC powder, (b) SiCp reinforcement and Al2124 alloy matrix within Al/SiCp composite.

Fig. 7. Changes in hydrostatic stress in two phases of the composite during heating (a) and cooling (b) of the Al/SiCp composite.

Fig. 8. Measured evolution of principal stresses ($σ_{11}^{ SiC } $,$σ_{22}^{ SiC } $ and $σ_{33}^{ SiC } $) in SiCp reinforcement during compression test and after unloading compared with the results of EPSC (a) and DTMSC (b) models.

Fig. 9. Measured evolution of principal stresses ($σ_{11}^{ Al } $,$σ_{22}^{ Al } $ and $σ_{33}^{ Al } $) in Al2124 matrix during compression test and after unloading compared with the results of EPSC (a) and DTMSC (b) models.

Fig. 10. Macroscopic overall stress (after stabilization) as a function of macroscopic overall strain during compression test performed for the Al/SiCp composite. The experimental data are confronted with the predictions of EPSC and DTMSC models. In calculations the model parameters provided in Table 2, Table 4 were used.

Fig. 11. Evolution of von Mises stress for the SiCp reinforcement and Al2124 matrix during compression test, determined from diffraction and predicted by EPSC and DTMSC models.

Fig. 12. Evolution of hydrostatic stresses for the SiCp reinforcement and Al2124 matrix during compression test and unloading, determined from diffraction and compared with EPSC (a) and DTMSC (b) models.

Fig. 13. Evolution of overall macrostresses (Eq. 15) during compression test and unloading, determined from diffraction and compared with EPSC (a) and DTMSC (b) models.

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