Interaction between austein-ferrite phases on passive performance of 2205 duplex stainless steel

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.02.020

Abstract

Abstract:

The passive behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) and its individual phases (α-phase, γ-phase) in neutral 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by various electrochemical methods. The results indicated that galvanic effect between α and γ phases cannot deteriorate local corrosion, but favors the enhancement of the passive film. Under the galvanic effect, the diffusion of the dissolved passive cations would be promoted in a short distance between α and γ zones, leading to modifications of the chemical composition and semiconductive property of the passive film and therefore the enhancement of the corrosion resistance of DSS 2205.

Key words: Duplex stainless steel, Phases, Passivation, Semiconductor, Corrosion

Xuequn Cheng, Yi Wang, Xiaogang Li, Chaofang Dong. Interaction between austein-ferrite phases on passive performance of 2205 duplex stainless steel[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(11): 2140-2148.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig 1. Schematic diagrams of two-phase-coupled specimen for LEIS and SVME measurements.

Fig. 2. Optical micrograph of 2205 DSS after solution heat treated at 1100 °C for 30 min followed by water quenching, the dark phase is α-phase while white region is γ-phase. Image analysis shows the volume ratio of α/γ is 56/44.

Fig. 3. SEM morphologies of (a) α-phase etched at -255 mV for 10 h, (b) γ-phase etched at -320 mV for 10 h; and MFM morphologies of (c) α-phase (d) γ-phase; both samples were well fabricated after the single-phase preparation procedures.

Table 1 EDS results of the major alloying elements (wt%) of 2205 DSS etched at the potential of -255 mV and -320 mV.

Etching potential	Si	Cr	Ni	Mo	Mn	Phase
matrix	0.59	22.57	4.63	2.62	1.2	Dual
-255 mV	0.77	24.67	3.79	3.81	1.49	α
-320 mV	0.56	21.36	6.93	2.76	1.72	γ

Fig. 4. Potentiodynamic polarization curves of α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase specimens in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Fig. 5. OCPs curves of α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase specimens in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 1800s.

Fig. 6. Nyquist plots of α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase specimens in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution after 1800s stabilization at open-circuit potential.

Table 2 Key parameters for the impedance spectra obtained in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution after 12 h stabilization at open-circuit potential.

	R_s (Ω cm^-2)	Y₁ (Ω^-1 cm^-2 sⁿ)	n₁	R_t/R_outer (Ω cm^-2)	Y₂ (Ω^-1 cm^-2 sⁿ)	n₂	R_p/R_inner (Ω cm^-2)
α-phase	2.54	5.24 E-3	0.53	5.1	3.67E-4	0.91	1.06 E5
γ-phase	2.47	1.31 E-2	0.48	10.7	2.91 E-4	0.90	2.61 E5
dual-phase	6.47	1.74 E-4	0.94	4769	1.34 E-4	0.80	5.39 E5

Fig. 7. LEIS result of the two-phase-coupled specimen in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Fig. 8. SVME result of the two-phase-coupled specimen in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Fig. 9. Mott-Schottky approach for films formed on α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase specimens in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Table 3 Calculated values of ND and EFB of films formed on α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase.

	N_D (10²⁰ cm^-3)	E_FB (V_SCE)	R² (%)
α-phase	25.9	-0.569	97.8
γ-phase	19.3	-0.515	99.8
dual-phase	6.2	-0.570	98.9

Fig. 10. Detailed XPS spectra of O 1s, Fe 2p3/2 and Cr 2p3/2 in air-formed films on α-phase, γ-phase and dual-phase specimens. (a)-(c) For α-phase, (d)-(f) for γ-phase and (g)-(i) for dual-phase specimens.

Table 4 Binding energies Ebe of XPS-peaks of standards.

Fe 2p_3/2	Peak	Fe(0)	Fe₃O₄	FeO	Fe₂O₃	FeOOH
Fe 2p_3/2	E_be/eV	707.7	708.2	709.4	710.9	711.8
Cr 2p_3/2	Peak	Cr(0)	Cr₂O₃	Cr(OH)₃	CrO₃
Cr 2p_3/2	E_be/eV	574.3	576.8	577.3	578.3
O 1s	Peak	O^2-	OH^-
O 1s	E_be/eV	530.2	531.5

Table 5 Contents of Cr and its compounds of passive film formed on 2205 DSS determined from XPS.

	α-phase	γ-phase	Dual-phase
Cr (wt%)	3.75	-	5.41
Cr₂O₃ (wt%)	46.18	31.86	94.59
Cr(OH)₃ (wt%)	50.07	68.14	-

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