J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 2160-2166.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2018.02.018
Special Issue: Stainless Steel & High Strength Steel 2018
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Ming Wanga, Ting Xua, Yanli Zhub, Wenhong Yina, Hong Guoc, Ertuan Zhaoa, Xiaoying Fanga*(), Weiguo Wangd
Received:
2017-11-18
Revised:
2018-01-08
Accepted:
2018-01-10
Online:
2018-11-20
Published:
2018-11-26
Contact:
Fang Xiaoying
Ming Wang, Ting Xu, Yanli Zhu, Wenhong Yin, Hong Guo, Ertuan Zhao, Xiaoying Fang, Weiguo Wang. Evolution of interface character distribution in duplex stainless steel processed by cross-rolling and annealing[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(11): 2160-2166.
Cr | Ni | Mo | Mn | C | S | P | N | Si |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22.16 | 5.28 | 3.09 | 1.11 | 0.017 | 0.0016 | 0.26 | 0.151 | 0.52 |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel (wt%).
Cr | Ni | Mo | Mn | C | S | P | N | Si |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22.16 | 5.28 | 3.09 | 1.11 | 0.017 | 0.0016 | 0.26 | 0.151 | 0.52 |
Fig. 2. EBSD-reconstructed microstructures of samples A (a) and B (b), where the colored and gray regions correspond to δ and γ phases, respectively. In δ phase, the white thin lines and thick lines represent low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) respectively; In γ phase, the blue thin lines, blue thick lines, and red lines represent LAGBs, HAGBs, and twin boundaries (TBs), respectively.
Variant | Plane parallel | Direction parallel | Angle/rotation axis from V1 |
---|---|---|---|
V1 | (111)γ||(011)α | [1ˉ?01]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | - |
V2 | [1ˉ?01]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 60°/[11?1ˉ] | |
V3 | [01?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 60°/[ | |
V4 | [01?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 10.53°/[???0?1ˉ?1ˉ] | |
V5 | [1?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 60°/[???0?1ˉ?1ˉ] | |
V6 | [1?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 49.47°/[ | |
V7 | (1?1ˉ?1)γ||(011)α | [10?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 49.47°/[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1] |
V8 | [10?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 10.53°/[11?1ˉ] | |
V9 | [???1ˉ?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 50.51°/[???10ˉ?3?13ˉ] | |
V10 | [???1ˉ?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 50.51°/[???7ˉ?5ˉ?5] | |
V11 | [ | 14.88°/[ | |
V12 | [ | 57.21°/[3ˉ?56] | |
V13 | (1ˉ?11)γ||(011)α | [0?1ˉ?1]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 14.88°/[???5?13ˉ?1ˉ] |
V14 | [0?1ˉ?1]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 50.51°/[???5ˉ?5?7ˉ] | |
V15 | [???1ˉ?0?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 57.21°/[???6ˉ?2ˉ?5] | |
V16 | [???1ˉ?0?1ˉ1]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 20.61°/[???11?11ˉ?6ˉ] | |
V17 | [ | 51.73°/[???11ˉ?6?11ˉ] | |
V18 | [ | 47.11°/[???24ˉ?10ˉ?21] | |
V19 | (11?1ˉ)γ||(011)α | [1ˉ?10]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 50.51°/[3ˉ?1310] |
V20 | [1ˉ?10]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 57.21°/[36?5ˉ] | |
V21 | [???0?1ˉ?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 20.61°/[30?1ˉ] | |
V22 | [???0?1ˉ?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 47.11°/[10ˉ?2124] | |
V23 | [ | 57.21°/[???2ˉ?5ˉ?6ˉ] | |
V24 | [ | 21.06°/[9?4ˉ?0] |
Table 2 Possible 24 variants having K-S orientation relationship.
Variant | Plane parallel | Direction parallel | Angle/rotation axis from V1 |
---|---|---|---|
V1 | (111)γ||(011)α | [1ˉ?01]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | - |
V2 | [1ˉ?01]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 60°/[11?1ˉ] | |
V3 | [01?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 60°/[ | |
V4 | [01?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 10.53°/[???0?1ˉ?1ˉ] | |
V5 | [1?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 60°/[???0?1ˉ?1ˉ] | |
V6 | [1?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 49.47°/[ | |
V7 | (1?1ˉ?1)γ||(011)α | [10?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 49.47°/[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1] |
V8 | [10?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 10.53°/[11?1ˉ] | |
V9 | [???1ˉ?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 50.51°/[???10ˉ?3?13ˉ] | |
V10 | [???1ˉ?1ˉ?0]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 50.51°/[???7ˉ?5ˉ?5] | |
V11 | [ | 14.88°/[ | |
V12 | [ | 57.21°/[3ˉ?56] | |
V13 | (1ˉ?11)γ||(011)α | [0?1ˉ?1]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 14.88°/[???5?13ˉ?1ˉ] |
V14 | [0?1ˉ?1]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 50.51°/[???5ˉ?5?7ˉ] | |
V15 | [???1ˉ?0?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 57.21°/[???6ˉ?2ˉ?5] | |
V16 | [???1ˉ?0?1ˉ1]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 20.61°/[???11?11ˉ?6ˉ] | |
V17 | [ | 51.73°/[???11ˉ?6?11ˉ] | |
V18 | [ | 47.11°/[???24ˉ?10ˉ?21] | |
V19 | (11?1ˉ)γ||(011)α | [1ˉ?10]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 50.51°/[3ˉ?1310] |
V20 | [1ˉ?10]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 57.21°/[36?5ˉ] | |
V21 | [???0?1ˉ?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1]α | 20.61°/[30?1ˉ] | |
V22 | [???0?1ˉ?1ˉ]γ||[???1ˉ?1?1ˉ]α | 47.11°/[10ˉ?2124] | |
V23 | [ | 57.21°/[???2ˉ?5ˉ?6ˉ] | |
V24 | [ | 21.06°/[9?4ˉ?0] |
Fig. 6. Distributions of grain boundary planes for <111> misorientation grain boundaries, λ(N), plotted in stereographic projection along [001] with misorientation of 10.53°/[11?1ˉ] (a), 49.47°/[???1ˉ?1ˉ?1] (b) and 60°/[11?1ˉ] (c) in γ phase of sample A.
Fig. 7. Distributions of grain boundary planes for <110> misorientation grain boundaries, λ(N), plotted in stereographic projection along [001] with misorientation of 10.53°/[0$\bar{1}\bar{1}$] (a), 49.47°/[011] (b) and 60°/[011] (c) in γ phase of sample A.
Fig. 9. Distributions of grain boundary planes for <111> misorientation grain boundaries, λ(N), plotted in stereographic projection along [001] with misorientation of 10.53°/[11$\bar{1}$] (a), 49.47°/[$\bar{1}\bar{1}$1] (b) and 60°/[11$\bar{1}$] (c) in γ phase of sample B.
Fig. 10. Distributions of grain boundary planes for <110> misorientation grain boundaries, λ(N), plotted in stereographic projection along [001] with misorientation of 10.53°/[0$\bar{1}\bar{1}$] (a), 49.47°/[011] (b) and 60°/[011] (c) in γ phase of sample B.
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