J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1210-1218.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2017.04.022
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Tao Qinga(), Wang Jiana, Fu Limingb, Chen Zhenga
Received:
2017-01-04
Revised:
2017-02-20
Accepted:
2017-04-01
Online:
2017-10-25
Published:
2018-01-25
About author:
1 These two authors contributed equally to this paper.
Tao Qing, Wang Jian, Fu Liming, Chen Zheng. Ultrahigh hardness of carbon steel surface realized by novel solid carburizing with rapid diffusion of carbon nanostructures[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(10): 1210-1218.
Fig. 2. HRTEM micrographs of (a) original NDs and annealed NDs at 1000 °C for 4 h; (b) annealed NDs mixed with catalyst without iron; (c) annealed NDs mixed with catalyst on the bulk iron surface; (d) an enlarged view of (c).
Fig. 3. Raman spectra of (a) original NDs and of annealed NDs at 1000 °C for 4 h; (b) annealed NDs mixed with catalyst without iron; (c) annealed NDs mixed with catalyst on the bulk iron surface.
Fig. 4. (a) TEM micrograph of the surface sample from the substrate steel obtained at equilibrium; (b) SAED pattern from within the red circle of (a).
Fig. 6. (a) SEM micrograph of the outermost surface hardened layer of the sample after quenching and tempering treatment; (b) an enlarged view of (a).
Fig. 7. TEM micrographs of the outermost surface hardened layer of the sample after quenching and tempering treatment: (a) bright-field and (b) dark-field images consisting of larger martensite and fine-scale mixed phase; (c) bright-field and (d) dark-field images showing two kinds of mixed phases together in a specific orientation relationship.
Fig. 8. Enlarged views of (a) and (b) in Fig. 7: (a) bright-field and (b) dark-field images of the fine-scale mixed phase; (c) bright-field and (d) dark-field images containing larger ferrite and thinner austenite; (e) bright-field and (f) dark-field images of larger martensite near the mixed phase. The insets show the corresponding SAED patterns.
Fig. 9. C1s XPS profiles for surface samples after quenching: (a) low-carbon steel with diffusion treatment of NDs and (b) low-carbon steel carburized by conventional method.
Fig. 11. Vickers hardness values in the cross sections of the carburized specimen using different carbon sources as a function of distance from the surface.
Fig. 12. Schematic diagram of novel carburizing process using NDs as the carbon.[Source: (A) the stripping of carbon from NDs into broken graphitic ribbons during the bucky-diamond state; (B) the diffusion of high activity carbon into the substrate steel; and (C) the hardened zone distribution after quenching and tempering treatment.]
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