Structure, mechanical and thermal properties of BMI/E-44/CNTs ternary composites via amination method

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2017.04.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified by an amination treatment with hexamethylenediamine (HMD), and then bismaleimide (BMI)/epoxy (E-44)/CNTs ternary composites were prepared using modified CNTs as the reinforcement via a simple mixing and curing molding method. The results show that the surfaces of CNTs are grafted polymer with the thickness of 3 nm and the dispersity of surface grafted carbon nanotubes (SG-CNTs) in the resin composites can be improved. The prepared composites contain C─C, C─N, C═O and -COOH groups and can keep a smooth surface. In addition, the composites have the flexural strength of 152 MPa, the tensile strength of 73 MPa and the impact strength of 87 kJ m^-2, respectively, when the weight ratio of BMI to E-44 is 1:8 and the content of SG-CNTs is 2 wt%. However, the thermal stability of the composites with SG-CNTs is a little lower than that of the composites without SG-CNTs.

Key words: Surface grafted carbon nanotubes, Composite materials, Mechanical properties, Thermal properties

Cheng Youliang, Xia Bingbing, Fang Changqing, Yang Lu. Structure, mechanical and thermal properties of BMI/E-44/CNTs ternary composites via amination method[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(10): 1187-1194.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1. Macroscopic morphologies of resin composite materials.

Fig. 2. SEM images of (a) surface and (b) cross section of composite resin materials.

Fig. 3. FT-IR spectra of (a) virgin CNTs, (b) oxidized CNTs and (c) SG-CNTs.

Fig. 4. Synthesis procedure of CNTs modified by HMD.

Fig. 5. TEM images of virgin CNTs (a), acid oxidized CNTs (b), SG-CNTs at low (c) and high (d) magnification.

Fig. 6. Wide-scan XPS spectra (a) and C1s in SG-CNTs (b), BMI/E-44 composites (c) and SG-CNTs reinforced BMI/E-44 composites (d).

Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of formation of BMI/E-44 resin composites.

Fig. 8. Distribution diagram of SG-CNTs in BMI/E-44 resin composites.

Table 1 Summary of component and the name of the resin composites (WBMI: mass of BMI; WE-44: mass of E-44).

Sample	Mass fraction of SG-CNTs (wt%)	W_BMI/W_E-44	Mass fraction of BMI (wt%)
BEC1	0	1:3	100
BEC2	0	1:5	100
BEC3	0	1:8	100
BEC4	0	1:10	100
BEC5	1	1:8	99
BEC6	2	1:8	98
BEC7	3	1:8	97
BEC8	4	1:8	96

Fig. 9. Flexural and tensile strength (a) and modulus (b) of resin composite samples BEC1-BEC8.

Fig. 10. Impact strength of resin composite samples BEC1-BEC8.

Fig. 11. Fracture surfaces of resin composite materials after flexural strength testing.

Fig. 12. DTG (a) and TG (b) curves of neat CNTs, bismaleimide and epoxy matrix.

Fig. 13. TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of resin composite samples BEC1-BEC4.

Fig. 14. TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of SG-CNTs reinforced resin composite samples BEC5-BEC8.

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