Suppressing Al2O3 nanoparticle coarsening and Cu nanograin growth of milled nanostructured Cu-5vol.%Al2O3 composite powder particles by doping with Ti

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2017.03.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Both the coarsening of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles and the growth of Cu nanograins of mechanically milled nanostructured Cu-5vol.%Al₂O₃ composites with, and without, trace amounts of Ti during annealing at 973 K for 1 h were investigated. It was found that doping with a small amount of Ti (e.g. 0.2 wt%) in a nanostructured Cu-5vol.%Al₂O₃ composite effectively suppressed the coarsening of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles during exposure at this temperature. Further, the Ti addition also prevented the concomitant abnormal growth of the copper grains normally caused by the coarsening of the Al₂O₃ nanoparticles. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis of the Al₂O₃ nanoparticles in the annealed Cu-5vol.%Al₂O₃-0.2wt%Ti sample suggested that the Ti atoms either diffused into the Al₂O₃ nanoparticles or segregated to the Cu/Al₂O₃ interfaces to form Ti-doped Al₂O₃ nanoparticles, which was more stable than Ti-free Al₂O₃ nanoparticles during annealing at high homologous temperatures.

Key words: Nanostructured copper matrix composites, Minor alloying, Annealing, Grain growth, Particle coarsening

Zhou Dengshan, Geng Hongwei, Zeng Wei, Zhang Deliang, Kong Charlie, Munroe Paul. Suppressing Al₂O₃ nanoparticle coarsening and Cu nanograin growth of milled nanostructured Cu-5vol.%Al₂O₃ composite powder particles by doping with Ti[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(11): 1323-1328.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Backscattered SEM (a and b) and bright field TEM (c and d) images showing the microstructures of the as-milled nanostructured (a and c) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3 and (b and d) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.2wt%Ti composite powder particles.

Fig. 2. Backscattered SEM images showing the sizes of the Al2O3 nanoparticles with sizes greater than 30 nm in the as-milled nanostructured composite powder particles for (a) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3, (b) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.1wt%Ti, (c) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.2wt%Ti, and (d) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.4wt%Ti after annealing at 973 K for 1 h. The insets are the corresponding Al2O3 nanoparticle size distributions.

Fig. 3. STEM-EDS images showing the Al elemental maps of the as-milled nanostructured (a) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3, (b) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.1wt%Ti, (c) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.2wt%Ti, and (d) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.4wt%Ti composite powder particles annealed for 1 h at 973 K.

Fig. 4. Bright field TEM micrographs showing the microstructures of the as-milled nanostructured (a) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3, (b) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.1wt%Ti, (c) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.2wt%Ti and (d) Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.4wt%Ti composite powder particles after annealing at 973 K for 1 h. The insets are the corresponding Cu grain size distributions.

Fig. 5. (a) Hardness of the Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-(0-0.4)wt%Ti nanocomposite powder particles annealed at 973 K for 1 h as a function of Ti content and (b) bright field TEM image of the microstructure of an annealed Cu-5vol.%Al2O3-0.2wt%Ti nanocomposite powder particle and EDS spectra for Points 1 and 2. The Fe, Cr and Co peaks present in the spectra are associated with the contamination caused by the vial and/or milling balls.

Table 1 Diffusion coefficients and solubility of Ti, Al and O in polycrystalline Cu at 973 K.

Element	Diffusion coefficient, D_v (cm²/s) at 973 K	Solubility (at.%) at 973 K [23]
Ti	2.5 × 10^-9[20]	～1.9
Al	1.8 × 10^-10[21]	～8.7
O	2.7 × 10^-4[22]	<0.004

References

[1]	D.G. Morris, M.A. Morris, Acta Metall. 39(1991) 1763-1770.
[2]	S.A.Humphry-Baker, C.A. Schuh, J. Appl. Phys. 116(2014) 173505.
[3]	D.S. Zhou, W. Zeng, D.L. Zhang, J. Alloys Compd. 682(2016) 590-593.
[4]	D.S. Zhou, D.L. Zhang, C. Kong, P. Munroe, R. Torrens, J. Mater. Res. 29(2014) 996-1005.
[5]	Y. Bréchet, M. Militzer, Scr. Mater. 52(2005) 1299-1303.
[6]	B. Srinivasarao, K. Oh-Ishi, T. Ohkubo, K. Hono, Acta Mater. 57(2009) 3277-3286.
[7]	T.T. Sasaki, T. Ohkubo, K. Hono, Acta Mater. 57(2009) 3529-3538.
[8]	G. Liu, G.J. Zhang, F. Jiang, X.D. Ding, Y.J. Sun, J. Sun, E. Ma, Nat. Mater. 12(2013) 344-350.
[9]	X. Yao, Z. Zhang, Y.F. Zheng, C. Kong, M.Z. Quadir, J.M. Liang, Y.H. Chen, P. Munroe, D.L. Zhang, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. (2016), (in press).
[10]	J. Ribis, Y. De Carlan, Acta Mater. 60(2012) 238-252.
[11]	J. Ribis, M.L. Lescoat, S.Y. Zhong, M.H. Mathon, Y. de Carlan, J.Nucl. Mater. 442(2013) S101-S105.
[12]	N. Oono, Q.X. Tang, S. Ukai, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 649 (2016) 250-253.
[13]	M. Ratti, D. Leuvrey, M.H. Mathon, Y. De Carlan, J. Nucl. Mater. 386(2009) 540-543.
[14]	C.S. Smith, Trans. AIME 175 (1948) 15-51.
[15]	V.M. Sergeenkova, V.V. Berezutskii, Powder Metall. Met. Ceram. 6(1967) 706-708.
[16]	T. Takahashi, Y. Hashimoto, S. Omori, K. Koyama, Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met. 26(1985) 271-279.
[17]	S.Z. Han, K.H. Kim, J. Kang, H. Joh, S.M. Kim, J.H. Ahn, J. Lee, S.H. Lim, B. Han, Sci. Rep. 5(2015) 17364.
[18]	S.Z. Han, H. Joh, J. hyuk Ahn, J.Lee, S.M. Kim, S.H. Lim, Y.G. Son, J. Alloys Compd. 622(2015) 384-387.
[19]	I.M. Lifshitz, V.V. Slyozov, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 19 (1961) 35-50.
[20]	Y. Iijima, K. Hoshino, K.-I. Hirano, Metall. Trans. A 8 (1977) 997-1001.
[21]	N. Matsuno, H. Oikawa, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 6 (1975) 2191-2194.
[22]	M.L. Narula, V.B. Tare, W.L. Worrell, Metall. Trans. B 14 (1983) 673-677.
[23]	ASM Handbook, Alloy Phase Diagrams vol. 3 (1992).

Suppressing Al₂O₃ nanoparticle coarsening and Cu nanograin growth of milled nanostructured Cu-5vol.%Al₂O₃ composite powder particles by doping with Ti

RichHTML

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Luhan Hao, Xiang Ji, Guangqian Zhang, Wei Zhao, Mingyue Sun, Yan Peng. Carbide precipitation behavior and mechanical properties of micro-alloyed medium Mn steel [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 47(0): 122-130.
[2]	P.G. Kubendran Amos, Ramanathan Perumal, Michael Selzer, Britta Nestler. Multiphase-field modelling of concurrent grain growth and coarsening in complex multicomponent systems [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 45(0): 215-229.
[3]	Risheng Pei, Sandra Korte-Kerzel, Talal Al-Samman. Normal and abnormal grain growth in magnesium: Experimental observations and simulations [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 50(0): 257-270.
[4]	Chunni Jia, Chengwu Zheng, Dianzhong Li. Cellular automaton modeling of austenite formation from ferrite plus pearlite microstructures during intercritical annealing of a C-Mn steel [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 47(0): 1-9.
[5]	Enkang Hao, Yulong An, Xia Liu, Yijing Wang, Huidi Zhou, Fengyuan Yan. Effect of annealing treatment on microstructures, mechanical properties and cavitation erosion performance of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed NiCoCrAlYTa coating [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 53(0): 19-31.
[6]	G.W. Hu, L.C. Zeng, H. Du, X.W. Liu, Y. Wu, P. Gong, Z.T. Fan, Q. Hu, E.P. George. Tailoring grain growth and solid solution strengthening of single-phase CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys by solute selection [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 54(0): 196-205.
[7]	Yue Zhao, Kai Wang, Shuang Yuan, Yonghui Ma, Guojian Li, Qiang Wang. The accelerating nanoscale Kirkendall effect in Co films-native oxide Si (100) system induced by high magnetic fields [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 46(0): 127-135.
[8]	Qinghang Wang, Bin Jiang, Aitao Tang, Jie Fu, Zhongtao Jiang, Haoran Sheng, Dingfei Zhang, Guangsheng Huang, Fusheng Pan. Unveiling annealing texture formation and static recrystallization kinetics of hot-rolled Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Ca alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 43(0): 104-118.
[9]	Xiaoming Qian, Nick Parson, X.-Grant Chen. Effects of Mn content on recrystallization resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloys during post-deformation annealing [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 52(0): 189-197.
[10]	Majid Jafari, Chan-Woo Bang, Jong-Chan Han, Kyeong-Min Kim, Seon-Hyeong Na, Chan-Gyung Park, Byeong-Joo Lee. Evolution of microstructure and tensile properties of cold-drawn hyper-eutectoid steel wires during post-deformation annealing [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 41(0): 1-11.
[11]	Jiangguli Peng, Wenbin Liu, Jiangtao Zeng, Liaoying Zheng, Guorong Li, Anthony Rousseau, Alain Gibaud, Abdelhadi Kassiba. Large electromechanical strain at high temperatures of novel <001> textured BiFeGaO₃-BaTiO₃ based ceramics [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 48(0): 92-99.
[12]	Ying-Jun Gao, Qian-Qian Deng, Zhe-yuan Liu, Zong-Ji Huang, Yi-Xuan Li, Zhi-Rong Luo. Modes of grain growth and mechanism of dislocation reaction under applied biaxial strain: Atomistic and continuum modeling [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 49(0): 236-250.
[13]	Jinkui Fan, Qiang Zheng, Rui Bao, Jianhong Yi, Juan Du. High performance Sm-Co powders obtained by crystallization from ball milled amorphous state [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 37(0): 181-184.
[14]	Hongyu Wu, Dong Zhang, Biaobiao Yang, Chao Chen, Yunping Li, Kechao Zhou, Liang Jiang, Ruiping Liu. Microstructural evolution and defect formation in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy processed by selective laser melting [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 36(0): 7-17.
[15]	Ming-Song Chen, Zong-Huai Zou, Y.C. Lin, Hong-Bin Li, Guan-Qiang Wang. Formation mechanism of large grains inside annealed microstructure of GH4169 superalloy by cellular automation method [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(7): 1403-1411.