Facile Synthesis of Nanocrystal Tin Oxide Hollow Microspheres by Microwave-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis Method

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2016.10.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Tin oxide (SnO₂) hollow microspheres with narrow size distribution were prepared by a facile one-pot microwave-assisted spray pyrolysis method. The effect of temperature on microstructural and optical properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), respectively. The SnO₂ particles obtained at and above 700 °C are tetragonal rutile structure with high purity and smooth surface morphology, which consist of well-interconnected SnO₂ nanocrystallines and the shell thickness was about 26 nm. UV-Vis absorption values were quite low in visible light region and high in ultraviolet region, indicating the possible utilization for optical purpose of the as-prepared SnO₂. The band gaps were 3.88 and 4.07 eV for SnO₂ synthesized at 700 and 800 °C, respectively. As compared to traditional electrical heating or flame modes, microwave heating introduced here demonstrates a high-efficiency, environmentally benign, and time- and energy-saving technology to synthesize advanced powders.

Key words: Hollow morphology, Microwave, Nanocrystallites, Tin oxide, Microstructural characterization

Zhang Lihua, Lan Jianbo, Yang Jianyu, Guo Shenghui, Peng Jinhui, Zhang Libo, Zhou Chaojin, Ju Shaohua. Facile Synthesis of Nanocrystal Tin Oxide Hollow Microspheres by Microwave-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis Method[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(8): 874-878.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the microwave-assisted spray pyrolysis process to prepare SnO2 particles.

Fig. 2. Proposed reaction mechanism for the preparation of hollow SnO2 microspheres.

Fig. 3. XRD patterns of as-prepared samples at 500, 600, 700, and 800 °C, respectively, where vertical lines correspond to JCPDS card No. 88-0287.

Fig. 4. SEM images of samples prepared at 700 °C (a) and (c) with different magnification; 800 °C (b) and (d) with different magnification; and size distribution at 700 °C (e) and 800 °C (f), respectively.

Fig. 5. TEM and HRTEM of as-prepared SnO2 particles obtained at microwave pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C with different magnifications (a)-(d), and (e) selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of SnO2

Fig. 6. UV-Vis absorption spectra (inset) and (f(Rh)hγ)2vs the absorbed energy (hγ) plots of the as-prepared SnO2 powders synthesized at 700 and 800 °C, respectively.

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