Cr-doped Na3V2(PO4)3@C enables high-capacity with V2+/V5+ reaction and stable sodium storage

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2023.05.005

材料科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 165 ›› Issue (0): 1-7.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.05.005

收稿日期:2023-03-18 修回日期:2023-04-25 接受日期:2023-05-04 出版日期:2023-12-01 发布日期:2023-06-02

Cr-doped Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃@C enables high-capacity with V²⁺/V⁵⁺ reaction and stable sodium storage

Bo Mai^a, Boyu Xing^a, Yunfan Yue^a, Nianyao Cai^a, Congcong Cai^a, Sitian Lian^a, Hao Fan^a, Mengyu Yan^a, Ting Zhu^a, Ping Hu^a,b, Xuewen Wang^a,b,*, Liqiang Mai^a,b,*

^aState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;
^bFoshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology, Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan 528216, China

Received:2023-03-18 Revised:2023-04-25 Accepted:2023-05-04 Online:2023-12-01 Published:2023-06-02
Contact: *E-mail addresses: . xwwang@whut.edu.cn (X. Wang), mlq518@whut.edu.cn (L. Mai)

摘要/Abstract

Abstract: Due to its abundant sodium content and low cost, sodium-ion battery (SIB) has become an effective substitute and supplement for lithium-ion batteries, which has a broad development prospect in large-scale energy storage systems. Na-super-ionic conductor (NASICON) structural materials have stable 3D skeleton structures and open Na⁺ transport channels, which is a very promising SIB cathode material. But in the typical NASICON material Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP), the number of electrons involved in NVP per formula unit is less than 2 at the stable voltage window, which limits the further improvement of battery performance. In this work, we report another NASICON structured Na₃V_4/3Cr_2/3(PO₄)₃@C (NVCP@C), which is obtained by Cr-doped NVP through spray drying. By taking full advantage of the voltage platforms of V^5+/4+, V^4+/3+, and V^3+/2+ in the window of 1.5-4.4 V, NVCP@C delivered a high discharge capacity (175 mAh g^-1) and durable cyclability (86% capacity retention for 2000 cycles). In-situ X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that the reversible structural evolution accompanies by solid-solution reaction and two-phase reaction mechanisms co-exist during charge/discharge processes. When coupled with Na⁺ pre-embedded hard carbon (HC), the assembled NVCP@C//HC full cell delivers a high capacity (105 mAh g^-1) and long cycling performance (70% after 1000 cycles). This Cr-doped NVP method offers new insights into the design of high-energy NASICON-structured cathode materials.

Key words: Sodium-ion batteries, NASICON, Na₃V_4/3Cr_2/3(PO₄)₃@C, Spray drying, V²⁺/V⁵⁺ reaction

. [J]. 材料科学与技术, 2023, 165(0): 1-7.

Bo Mai, Boyu Xing, Yunfan Yue, Nianyao Cai, Congcong Cai, Sitian Lian, Hao Fan, Mengyu Yan, Ting Zhu, Ping Hu, Xuewen Wang, Liqiang Mai. Cr-doped Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃@C enables high-capacity with V²⁺/V⁵⁺ reaction and stable sodium storage[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 165(0): 1-7.

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Cr-doped Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃@C enables high-capacity with V²⁺/V⁵⁺ reaction and stable sodium storage

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