Assessment of structure integrity, corrosion behavior and microstructure change of AZ31B stent in porcine coronary arteries

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.12.017

材料科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (0): 39-47.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2018.12.017

收稿日期:2018-08-21 修回日期:2018-10-31 接受日期:2018-11-23 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-03-11

Assessment of structure integrity, corrosion behavior and microstructure change of AZ31B stent in porcine coronary arteries

Shanshan Chen^a¹, Bin Zhang^b¹, Bin Zhanggchun^a, Hao Lin^a, Hui Yang^a, Feng Zheng^a, Ming Chen^b^*(), Ke Yang^a^*()

^a Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^b Department of Cardiology of Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China

Received:2018-08-21 Revised:2018-10-31 Accepted:2018-11-23 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-03-11
Contact: Chen Ming,Yang Ke
About author:¹ These authors contributed equally to this work.

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

Magnesium alloy coronary stent becomes a hot research topic due to its biodegradable character for avoiding late thrombosis and late restenosis. However, fracture of Mg alloy stent was a common issue after implantation. In this study, 18 drug-eluting biodegradable AZ31B stents were implanted into porcine coronary arteries to assess its structural integrity, corrosion behavior and microstructure change in vivo. The coronary artery tissue responses to AZ31B stent implantation were detected by quantitative coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography at the set time periods. In addition, further analyses were focused on the stent structure integrity, corrosion behaviors and the microstructure change of Mg alloy stents after implantation. A large number of fractures on stent struts were observed by high-resolution transmission X-ray tomography clearly. Moreover, degradation products, twins and grain refinement that appeared in Mg alloy stent matrix after implantation were also observed during the study. Inferred from this study, it is shown that the loss of AZ31B stent structural integrity may be the result of stress concentration, degradation and microstructure change.

Key words: AZ31B, Coronary stent, Structural integrity, Degradation, Microstructure

. [J]. 材料科学与技术, 2020, 39(0): 39-47.

Shanshan Chen, Bin Zhang, Bin Zhanggchun, Hao Lin, Hui Yang, Feng Zheng, Ming Chen, Ke Yang. Assessment of structure integrity, corrosion behavior and microstructure change of AZ31B stent in porcine coronary arteries[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 39(0): 39-47.

图/表 8

Fig. 1. Configurations of Mg alloy stent: (a) original configuration, (b) after premounted onto the balloon, (c) drug release curve, (d) morphology after 28 days immersing.

Table 1 Lumen properties at different implantation times obtained by OCT analysis (n = 2).

Endpoint	Lumen area (mm²)	Internal elastic lamina area (mm²)	Neointimal area (mm²)
1-month	3.63 ± 1.07	4.51 ± 1.18	0.85 ± 0.36
3-month	2.79 ± 0.66	3.80 ± 0.72	1.01 ± 0.21
6-month	2.93 ± 0.18	4.27 ± 0.98	1.33 ± 0.33

Fig. 2. Stenosis degree followed coronary stenting were severe generally. (a-1), (b-1), (c-1) were the QCA imaging of AZ31B stents implanted for 1, 3 and 6 months. Three AZ31B stents implanted into coronary artery. Positions of stents were indicated by yellow marks. As long with implanting period, the degree of stenosis became severe. In-stent stenosis rate was almost 40%-50% at most narrow section. (a-2), (b-2), (c-2) were the OCT imaging of stents implanted for 1, 3 and 6 months. The neointimal thickness and expansion uniformity of the stent were exhibited. The neointimal proliferation degree had little change as vessel stenting prolonged.

Fig. 3. Neointima morphologies after implantation of AZ31B stents in porcine coronary arteries characterized by SEM: (a) 1-month implantation; (b) 3-month implantation; (c) 6-month implantation; (d) 1-month implantation; (e) 3-month implantation; (f) 6-month implantation.

Fig. 4. Mesh structures of AZ31B stents after implantation for 2 days (a), 1 month (b), 3 months (c) and 6 months (d). In the HRTXRT imaging, the Mg alloy substrate shows as green color and corrosion product shows as blue color pointed by red arrows. The color difference is attributed to the density difference of substances.

Fig. 5. Fracture evolution on AZ31B stent characterized by HRTXRT after implantation for 1 month (a) and 3 months (b). Crack initiating crowed by a red circle in (a); Crack propagation and fractured by a red circle in (b).

Fig. 6. Cross-section images and EDS line-scan of AZ31B intravascular stents: (a) after 3 months implantation; (b) after 6 months implantation.

Fig. 7. The initial microstructure of a stent unit without deformation and implantation (a, b), and microstructures after implantations for 1 month (c, d) and 3 months (e, f). A lot of twins were found on the stent strut after deformation and implantation, and the twin numbers became larger as long with the implantation went on. At the meanwhile, the grain size became smaller. Degradation products were highlighted by red dotted line. Degradation began from the external to the internal of the stent matrix.

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Assessment of structure integrity, corrosion behavior and microstructure change of AZ31B stent in porcine coronary arteries

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