Effect of grain refinement on the hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.03.043

材料科学与技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2213-2219.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2019.03.043

收稿日期:2019-01-19 修回日期:2019-03-10 接受日期:2019-03-25 出版日期:2019-10-05 发布日期:2019-08-28

Effect of grain refinement on the hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel

Y.H. Fan^a^c, B. Zhang^a^*(), J.Q. Wang^c, E.-H. Han^c, W. Ke^c

^aShenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^bSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
^cCAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2019-01-19 Revised:2019-03-10 Accepted:2019-03-25 Online:2019-10-05 Published:2019-08-28
Contact: Zhang B.

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

The effect of grain size (in the range from 4 μm to 12 μm) on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) was studied. HE susceptibility result shows that HE resistance increases with grain refinement. Electron backscattered diffraction kernel average misorientation (EBSD-KAM) mapping shows that the strain localization can be mitigated by grain refinement. Hence, strain localization sites which act as highways for hydrogen diffusion and preferred crack initiation sites can be reduced along with grain refinement, leading to a high HE resistance. Meanwhile, grain size shows no influence on the strain induced martensite (SIM) transformation during the hydrogen charging slow strain tensile test (SSRT). Hence, the SIM formed during hydrogen charging SSRT is not responsible for the different HE resistance of 304 ASSs with various grain sizes. Hydrogen diffusion is supposed to be controlled by a competition between short-circuit diffusion along random grain boundary (RGB) and hydrogen trapping at dislocations, leading to a maximum hydrogen diffusion coefficient in the 304 ASS with an average grain size of 8 μm.

Key words: Stainless steel, Grain refinement, Hydrogen embrittlement, SEM, EBSD

. [J]. 材料科学与技术, 2019, 35(10): 2213-2219.

Y.H. Fan, B. Zhang, J.Q. Wang, E.-H. Han, W. Ke. Effect of grain refinement on the hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(10): 2213-2219.

图/表 9

Table 1 Chemical compositions (wt%) of the investigated austenitic stainless steel.

C	Cr	Ni	Si	Mn	P	S	Fe
0.042	18.87	9.33	0.27	1.6	0.026	0.002	Bal.

Fig. 1. Metallographic images of (a) 800A, (b) 900A and (c) 950A samples.

Fig. 2. XRD spectra of 800A, 900A and 950A samples using CuKα radiation.

Fig. 3. EBSD-KAM images of the as-annealed (a) 800A, (b) 900A and (c) 950A samples (black lines indicate the RGBs).

Fig. 4. Typical hydrogen permeation curves of 800A, 900A and 950A samples (tb refers to the breakthrough time defined as the time when the transient current density equals 10% of the steady-state current density).

Fig. 5. Typical engineering stress?strain curves of 800A, 900A and 950A samples tested in air and hydrogen environment with a strain rate of 2 × 10-5 s-1.

Fig. 6. SEM images of fracture surfaces of the 800A samples (a, b, c), 900A (d, e, f) and 950A (g, h, i) after slow strain rate test. (a, d, g) samples tested in the air; (b, e, h) the fracture surfaces tested under hydrogen charging (D refers to dimple fracture and QC refers to quasi cleavage fracture); (c, f, i) magnifying SEM images of quasi cleavage fractures shown in (b, e, h).

Fig. 7. XRD results of 800A, 900A and 950A samples after 30% strain under hydrogen charging using CuKα radiation.

Fig. 8. EBSD-KAM images of (a) 800A, (b) 900A and (c) 950A samples after 30% strain under hydrogen charging (black lines indicate the RGBs).

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Effect of grain refinement on the hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel

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