Surface energy-mediated fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast responses on nanostructured diamond

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.11.009

材料科学与技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 817-823.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2018.11.009

收稿日期:2018-08-02 接受日期:2018-10-17 出版日期:2019-05-10 发布日期:2019-02-20

Surface energy-mediated fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast responses on nanostructured diamond

Yixing Tian^a, Huiling Liu^a, Brian W. Sheldon^b, Thomas J. Webster^c^d, Sichen Yang^e, Huilin Yang^a^d, Lei Yang^a^d^?()

^aOrthopaedic Institute and Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
^bSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
^cDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
^dInternational Research Center for Translational Orthopaedics (IRCTO), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
^eUWC Changshu China, Changshu, Jiangsu, 215500, China

Received:2018-08-02 Accepted:2018-10-17 Online:2019-05-10 Published:2019-02-20
Contact: Yang Lei
About author:
¹ These authors contribute equally to this paper.

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

Nanostructured diamond have potential applications in many biomedical related fields and demonstrated extraordinary capacity to influence cellular responses. Studying the surface property of nanodiamond and its influence to protein adsorption and subsequent cellular responses along with the mechanism behind such capacity becomes more important. Here the role of surface energy associated with nanostructured diamond in modulating fibronectin and osteoblast (OB, bone forming cells) responses was investigated. Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) and submicron crystalline diamond (SMCD) films with controllable surface energy were prepared by microwave-enhanced plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) techniques. Fibronectin adsorption on the diamond films with varied surface energy values was measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the relationship between the surface energy and fibronectin adsorption was studied. The result indicated that fibronectin adsorption on nanostructured surfaces was closely related to both surface energy and material microstructures. The spreading and migration of OB aggregates (each containing 30-50 cells) on the NCD with varied surface energy values were also studied. The result indicates a correlation between the cell spreading and migration on nanodiamond and the surface energy of nanostructured surface.

Key words: Nanostructure, Diamond films, Surface characteristics, Protein adsorption, Cell responses

. [J]. 材料科学与技术, 2019, 35(5): 817-823.

Yixing Tian, Huiling Liu, Brian W. Sheldon, Thomas J. Webster, Sichen Yang, Huilin Yang, Lei Yang. Surface energy-mediated fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast responses on nanostructured diamond[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(5): 817-823.

图/表 8

Fig. 1 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of plasma treating NCD: NCDH (a and d); NCDO (b and e); and NCDN (c and f).

Table 1 Positions of C1s, O1s and N1s peaks of the various NCD surfaces measured by XPS.

Binding Energy (eV)	NCDH	NCDO	NCDN
C1s	284.0	284.0	284.0
O1s	531.5	531.5	531.5
N1s	Not detected	Not detected	397.5

Table 2 RMS roughness, water contact angle (θ) and surface energy values of diamond surfaces.

Substrate	Roughness (nm)	θ (H₂O) (^o)	Surface free energy (mN/m)	Critical surface energy (mN/m)
NCDH	26.7	81.4	36.7	46.8
NCDO	27.9	26.1	67.6	67.5
NCDN	27.7	30.9	63.3	53.8

Fig. 2 Normalized fibronectin adsorption on NCD and SMCD films with varied surface energy values. The adsorption on NCDH was set to a unit value. Data?=?mean?±?SEM; *p?<?0.1, **p?<?0.05.

Fig. 3 Fluorescence microscopy images showing the migration of osteoblast aggregates on NCDH (a-c), NCDO (d-f) and NCDN (g-i) after 6?h (a, d and g), 12 (b, e and h) and 24?h (c, f and i).

Table 3 Spreading areas of migrating OB aggregates on NCDH, NCDO and NCDN after 6, 12 and 24?h.

Substrate	Normalized spreading area
Substrate	6?h	12?h	24?h
NCDH	1	1.08	1.43
NCDO	0.87	4.96	7.52
NCDN	1.45	3.91	6.58

Fig. 4 Schematic of NCD and SMCD with different fractions of grain boundary phases (ρGB) due to the variation in grain sizes (d): (a) NCD, d?=?30?nm, ρGB～10%; (b) SMCD, d?=?600?nm, ρGB～0.5%. The schematic is not to scale and d is the average gain size (approximately r=d/2 in Eq. (2)). (c) A speculation of amphiphilic properties on NCD coatings. After treatment, the grains (terminated region) and grain boundaries (not terminated region) of NCD revealed opposite wettability.

Fig. 5 Schematic illustration of the competition between cell-cell cohesivity and cell-substrate adhesivity.

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Surface energy-mediated fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast responses on nanostructured diamond

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