J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2020, Vol. 38: 170-182.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2019.07.049
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Liu Weifengabc, Cao Yanfeic, Guo Yifengc, Sun Mingyueac*(), Xu Binac, Li Dianzhongc
Received:
2019-05-15
Revised:
2019-07-12
Accepted:
2019-07-28
Published:
2020-02-01
Online:
2020-02-10
Contact:
Sun Mingyue
Liu Weifeng, Cao Yanfei, Guo Yifeng, Sun Mingyue, Xu Bin, Li Dianzhong. Solidification microstructure of Cr4Mo4V steel forged in the semi-solid state[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 38: 170-182.
C | Cr | Mo | V | Mn | Si | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.82 | 4.20 | 4.24 | 1.01 | 0.22 | 0.21 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical composition of the commercial Cr4Mo4V steel (wt%).
C | Cr | Mo | V | Mn | Si | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.82 | 4.20 | 4.24 | 1.01 | 0.22 | 0.21 | Bal. |
(°C) | fl (%) | σ |
---|---|---|
1380 | 26.1 | 3.55 |
1360 | 17.18 | 2.05 |
1350 | 16.2 | 3.4 |
1340 | 13.47 | 3.06 |
1320 | 7.12 | 1.25 |
Table 2 The corresponding liquid fraction (fl) and standard deviations (σ) at predetermined temperatures (Tpre).
(°C) | fl (%) | σ |
---|---|---|
1380 | 26.1 | 3.55 |
1360 | 17.18 | 2.05 |
1350 | 16.2 | 3.4 |
1340 | 13.47 | 3.06 |
1320 | 7.12 | 1.25 |
Fig. 3. Longitudinal sections of unforged (a) and forged samples (b). The schematic of the sample locations for X-ray tomography observation from unforged (c) and forged (d) samples and its dimension is shown in (e).
Fig. 4. Optical micrographs of Cr4Mo4V quenched at 1380 °C (a, b), 1360 °C (c, d), 1340 °C (e, f) and 1320 °C (g, h) during solidification (RL: grains from residual liquid; EL: entrapped liquid; EC: eutectic carbides).
Fig. 6. Microstructures of samples forged at 1380 °C (a, b), 1360 °C (c, d), 1340 °C (e, f) and 1320 °C (g, h) with a reduction of 30% (A: austenite; M: martensite; OG: original grain-boundary; NG: new grain-boundary).
Fig. 11. The eutectic carbides of samples and the corresponding 3D distribution: (a, d) original microstructure; (b, e) microstructure of unforged state; and (c, f) 30% forging reduction at 1380 °C.
Fig. 12. OM images of eutectic carbides of samples in the unforged state (a) and forged at 1380 °C (b), 1360 °C (c), 1340 °C (d), and 1320 °C (e) with a reduction of 30%.
Fig. 14. SEM image of sample forged at 1380 °C with a reduction of 30% (a) and (b). (c) and (d) are the locations of line-scan analysis. (e), (f), (g), (h), and (i) are the contents of Fe, C, Cr, Mo, and V in line-scan 1, respectively. (j), (k), (l), (m), and (n) are the content of Fe, C, Cr, Mo, and V in line-scan 2, respectively.
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