Fabrication of textured Ti2AlC lamellar composites with improved mechanical properties

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.05.070

Abstract

Abstract:

Textured Ti₂AlC lamellar composites have been successfully fabricated by a new method in the present work. The composites exhibit high compressive strength of ca 2 GPa, fracture toughness of 8.5 MPa m^1/2 (//c-axis), flexural strength of 735 MPa (//c-axis) and high hardness of 7.9 GPa (//c-axis). The strengthening mechanisms were discussed. The sintering and densification process was investigated and crystal orientation and microstructure were studied by electron backscattered diffraction techniques. The synthesis temperature is reduced to 1200 °C by using high surface-to-volume ratio Ti₂AlC nano flakes. The Lotgering orientation factor of Ti₂AlC and Ti₃AlC₂ {00l} planes in the textured top surface reaches 0.74 and 0.49, respectively. This new route may shed light on resolving the difficulties encountered in large scale fabrication of textured MAX phases.

Key words: MAXphase, Ti₂AlC, Machinable ceramics, Ceramic-matrix composites, Reactive milling, In-situ synthesis, Nanocomposites, Texture, Lamellar microstructure

Xi Xie, Rui Yang, Yuyou Cui, Qing Jia, Chunguang Bai. Fabrication of textured Ti₂AlC lamellar composites with improved mechanical properties[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 38: 86-92.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of fabrication process for highly textured Ti2AlC composite ceramic.

Fig. 2. SEM images of the Ti2AlC coarse grain powder (a), and nano flake powder (b).

Fig. 3. SEM micrograph of fractured TSS surface from samples sintered at 1000 °C (a), and 1100 °C (b).

Fig. 4. SEM micrographs of samples sintered at 1200 °C. (a) Polished TSS plane of textured composite ceramic. The dark contrast indicates Al2O3 phase. (b) SEM image of fractured surface of TSS plane of textured composite ceramic.

Fig. 5. (a) XRD patterns of the Ti2AlC coarse grain powders (CG), ball milling produced nano flakes (NF), textured top surface (1000 °C-TTS) and textured side surface (1000 °C-TSS) of a sample sintered at 1000 °C. (b) textured top surface (1100 °C-TTS) and textured side surface (1100 °C -TSS) of a sample sintered at 1100 °C, textured top surface (1200 °C-TTS) and textured side surface (1200 °C-TSS) of a sample sintered at 1200 °C.

Fig. 6. Grain orientation and phase distribution map. Inverse pole figure (IPF) map in z-axis of TTS plane (a) and IPF map in y-axis of TSS plane (c) indicating grain orientations. Corresponding phase distribution map of TTS plane (b) and TSS plane (d).

Fig. 7. Pole figures corresponding to Fig. 6(a), of Ti2AlC, the Ti3AlC2 and Al2O3. Parallel crystallographic planes of the three phases are indicated by white circles.

Table 1 Typical physical and mechanical properties of bulks Ti2AlC coarse grain and textured grain composite samples.

Sample	Density (g/cm³)	Fracture toughness (MPa m^1/2)	Compressive strength (MPa)	Flexural strength (MPa)	Hardness (GPa)
CG	4.1	6.2 ± 0.4	656 ± 64	316 ± 30	4.0 ± 0.1
TG (//c-axis)	4.15	8.5 ± 0.5	2037 ± 205	735 ± 62	7.9 ± 0.2
TG (⊥c-axis)	4.15	8.2 ± 0.5	2003 ± 216	626 ± 53	6.8 ± 0.2

Fig. 8. SEM image of Vickers indentation morphologies of textured composites: (a) TTS and (b) TSS sample.

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Fabrication of textured Ti₂AlC lamellar composites with improved mechanical properties

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