Nanocrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 shape memory alloy as orthopaedic implant material with better performance

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.04.026

Abstract

Abstract:

TiNi alloys, with their unique shape memory effects and super elastic properties, occupy an indispensable place in the family of metallic biomaterials. In the past years, surface treatment is the main technique to improve the bioinert nature of microcrystalline TiNi alloys and inhibit on the release of toxic nickel ions to obtain excellent osteogenesis and osseointegration function. In the present study, nanocrystalline Ti_49.2Ni_50.8 alloy has been fabricated via equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), and the in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that it had enhanced cell viability, adhesion, proliferation, ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activity and mineralization, and increased periphery thickness of new bone, in comparison to the commercial coarse-grained counterpart. These findings indicate that the reduction of grain size is beneficial to increasing the biocompatibility of Ti_49.2Ni_50.8 shape memory alloy.

Key words: Nanocrystallines, Shape memory alloys, Metallic biomaterials, Orthopaedic implants, TiNi alloys

H.F. Li, F.L. Nie, Y.F. Zheng, Y. Cheng, S.C. Wei, R.Z. Valiev. Nanocrystalline Ti_49.2Ni_50.8 shape memory alloy as orthopaedic implant material with better performance[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(10): 2156-2162.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. Microstructure observations ((a) optical microscopy and (b) TEM) of the grain size of microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy group (a) and nanocrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy group (b); (c) the quantification of the grain size distribution of nanocrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy group.

Fig. 2. Platelet number on the nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy groups.

Fig. 3. Albumin adsorption of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy groups.

Fig. 4. Cell viability of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 groups, (a) MG63; (b) L929 (single asterisk ★ indicating p < 0.05 compared with negative cell control group; double asterisks ★ ★ indicating p < 0.05 compared with microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 group).

Fig. 5. (a) ALP activity and (b) Alizarin Red staining of nanocrystalline and microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy groups (single asterisk ★ indicating p < 0.05 compared with negative cell control group; double asterisks ★ ★ indicating p < 0.05 compared with microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy group).

Fig. 6. (a) Bone mineral density (BMD), (b) bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), (c) number of trabecular bone (Tb.N), and (d) thickness of trabecular bone (Tb.Th) around the implant till 12 weeks post operation (asterisk ★ indicating p < 0.05 compared with microcrystalline Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy group).

Fig. 7. Histological images of bone tissues around the microcrystalline (a, c) and the nanocrystalline (b, d) Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy implants at first 1 (a, b) and 2 (c, d) weeks.

Fig. 8. Histological images of bone tissues around the microcrystalline (a, c) and the nanocrystalline (b, d) Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy implants at the follow-up 4 (a, b) and 8 (c, d) weeks.

Fig. 9. Histological images of bone tissues around the microcrystalline (a) and the nanocrystalline (b) Ti49.2Ni50.8 alloy implants after 12 weeks’ implantation.

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