Structural characterization and strengthening mechanism of forsterite nanostructured scaffolds synthesized by multistep sintering method

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, highly porous forsterite scaffolds with interconnected porosities were synthesized using multi-step sintering (MSS) method. The starting powder was nanosized forsterite, which was synthesized from talc and magnesium carbonate powders. The phase composition, average particle size and morphology of the produced forsterite powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and transition electron microscopy (TEM). Forsterite scaffolds were produced by foamy method using polymeric sponges. MSS process including three steps was used to efficiently sinter the forsterite nanopowders without destroying the initial porous structure of polymeric sponges. The results showed that MSS technique is an efficient and appropriate procedure to produce highly porous forsterite scaffolds with pore size in the range of 100-300?μm. The compressive strength, compressive modulus and porosity of C12 specimen (sintered at 1650?°C for 1?h with subsequent annealing at 1000?°C for 1000?min) was 1.88?MPa, 29.2?MPa, and 72.4%, respectively, which is very close to that of cancellous bone. The approach studied in this research can be developed for other nanostructure ceramics to produce highly porous scaffolds with interconnected porosities for load bearing applications.

Key words: Forsterite, Multi-step sintering, Scaffolds, Porosity

Fariborz Tavangarian, Abbas Fahami, Guoqiang Li, Mohammadhassan Kazemi, Anoosha Forghani. Structural characterization and strengthening mechanism of forsterite nanostructured scaffolds synthesized by multistep sintering method[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(12): 2263-2270.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Designation and thermal cycles of various scaffolds.

Designation	T1	t1	t2
C15	1700 °C	60?min	1000?min
C14	1700 °C	5 min	1000?min
C13	1700 °C	60?min	0 min
C12	1650?°C	60?min	1000?min
C11	1650?°C	5 min	1000?min
C10	1650?°C	60?min	0 min
C9	1600 °C	60?min	1000?min
C8	1600 °C	5 min	1000?min
C7	1600 °C	60?min	0 min
C6	1550?°C	60?min	1000?min
C5	1550?°C	5 min	1000?min
C4	1550?°C	60?min	0 min
C3	1500 °C	60?min	1000?min
C2	1500 °C	5 min	1000?min
C1	1500 °C	60?min	0 min

Fig. 1. (a) XRD pattern and (b) TEM micrograph of forsterite powder.

Fig. 2. A schematic diagram of sintering process in conventional, two-step and multi-step sintering methods.

Fig. 3. XRD patterns of different scaffolds correspond to characteristic peaks of forsterite phase.

Fig. 4. SEM micrographs of various specimens, (a) scale bar 500?μm, (b) scale bar 100?μm, and (c) scale bar 50?μm.

Fig. 5. (a) Compressive strength, and (b) compressive modulus of different samples.

Fig. 6. (a) Porosity, (b) apparent density, and (c) crystallite size of various scaffolds.

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