Microstructure, biodegradation, antibacterial and mechanical properties of ZK60-Cu alloys prepared by selective laser melting technique

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.02.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are receiving increasing attention for body implants owing to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, they often suffer from bacterial infections on account of their insufficient antibacterial ability. In this study, ZK60-xCu (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 wt%) alloys were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) with alloying copper (Cu) to enhance their antibacterial ability. Results showed that ZK60-Cu alloys exhibited strong antibacterial ability due to combination of release of Cu ions and alkaline environment which could kill bacteria by destroying cellular membrane structure, denaturing enzymes and inhibiting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication. In addition, their compressive strength increased due to grain refinement and uniformly dispersing of short-bar shaped MgZnCu phases. Moreover, ZK60-Cu alloys also exhibited good cytocompatibility. In summary, ZK60-Cu alloys with antibacterial ability may be promising implants for biomedical applications.

Key words: Magnesium alloys, Copper, Antibacterial ability, Cytocompatibility, Mechanical properties

Cijun Shuai, Long Liu, Mingchun Zhao, Pei Feng, Youwen Yang, Wang Guo, Chengde Gao, Fulai Yuan. Microstructure, biodegradation, antibacterial and mechanical properties of ZK60-Cu alloys prepared by selective laser melting technique[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(10): 1944-1952.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1. Morphologies (a, b) particle size distribution (c, d) of ZK60 alloy (a, c) and Cu (b, d) powders.

Fig. 2. Typical morphology of mixed ZK60 alloy with 0.8 wt% Cu powders (a), enlarged view of marked area (b), corresponding element maps of Mg (c) and Cu (d).

Fig. 3. CFU/mL of Escherichia Coli after incubation in alloy extracts at various immersion time: (a) normal pH values; (b) neutral pH of 7.4.

Fig. 4. Antibacterial mechanism for ZK60-Cu alloys in body fluid environment before (a) and after (b) degradation.

Fig. 5. XRD patterns of ZK60-xCu alloys.

Fig. 6. Metallurgical microstructures of ZK60 (a), ZK60-0.2Cu (b), ZK60-0.4Cu (c), ZK60-0.6Cu (d), ZK60-0.8Cu (e) and relationship between average grain size and Cu content (f).

Fig. 7. SEM images of ZK60 (a), ZK60-0.2Cu (b), ZK60-0.4Cu (c), ZK60-0.6Cu (d), ZK60-0.8Cu (e) and EDS spectra corresponding to point 1 (f) and point 2 (g).

Fig. 8. Degradation properties of ZK60-xCu alloys: (a) variation of pH value; (b) polarization curves; (c) weight loss rates; (d) calculated degradation rates.

Fig. 9. Mg (a) and Cu (b) ion concentrations released from ZK60-xCu alloys after different immersion time in SBF.

Fig. 10. RGR of MG63 cells after 1, 3 and 5 d incubation in ZK60-xCu alloy extracts.

Fig. 11. Compressive strength and hardness of ZK60-xCu alloys.

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