J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1075-1086.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2017.07.017
Special Issue: 2017-2018年Mg合金专题
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Wang B.J.a, Wang S.D.b, Xu D.K.b(), Han E.H.b
Online:
2017-10-25
Published:
2018-01-25
About author:
1 These two authors contributed equally to this paper.
Wang B.J., Wang S.D., Xu D.K., Han E.H.. Recent progress in fatigue behavior of Mg alloys in air and aqueous media: A review[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(10): 1075-1086.
Fig. 1. SEM observations to the surface of the fatigue samples survived after 5 × 106 cycles: (a) as-forged, 100 MPa, showing microcracks initiate along slip bands; (b) T4, 70 MPa, showing microcracks initiate at twin boundaries. It is to be noted that “SB” and “TB” in image (b) denote slip band and twin boundary, respectively [39].
Fig. 2. SEM observation to the fatigue crack initiation sites for the as-cast Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy tested in air and 3.5 wt% NaCl solution: (a) air, showing fatigue crack initiation at the oxide inclusions; (b) 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, showing fatigue crack initiates from corrosion pits at the specimen surface [44].
Fig. 3. S-N curves of the as-cast Mg-7%Gd-5%Y-1%Nd-0.5%Zr alloy tested in air and 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The experiment was terminated by failure or at 1 × 106 cycles [44].
Materials | σair | σCE | Conditions | Stress ratio | Frequency (Hz) | Fatigue cycles | RRFS (σair-σCE)/σair | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extruded AZ31 | 120 | 50 | Dripping 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.58 | [23] |
Extruded AZ31 | 120 | 50 | Sprayed 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.58 | [53] |
Extruded AZ31B | 120 | 40 | Dripping 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 10-30 | 107 | 0.67 | [50] |
Extruded AZ31 | 135 | 108 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50,56] | |
Rolled AZ31 | 100 | 50 | Sprayed 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.50 | [53] |
Rolled AZ31 | 90 | 25 | 3.5 wt% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | 0.1 | 30 | Air: 5 × 106; CE: 4 × 106 | [49] | |
Rolled AZ31 | 90 | 13 | 3.5 wt% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | 0.1 | 10 | Air: 5 × 106; CE: 2 × 106 | [49] | |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.85 | [48] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl (pH = 6.59) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.85 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 30 | Sprayed 5 wt% CaCl2 (pH = 8.07) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.78 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 150 | 110 | High humidity (80% RH) | -1 | 10 | 107 | 0.27 | [24] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 105 | High humidity (80%-85% RH) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.22 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 80 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Extruded AZ80-T5 | 135 | 30 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.78 | [25] |
Extruded AZ80 | 150 | 50 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 60 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [51] | |
Extruded AZ80 | 100 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Die-cast AZ91 | 130 | 90 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50] | |
Die-cast AZ91 | 50 | 20 | Simulated body fluid (SBF) | -1 | 10 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [46] | |
Sand-cast AZ91D | 57 | 17 | Modified simulated body fluid (m-SBF) | -1 | 5 | Air: 107; CE: 5 × 105 | [45] | |
Extruded AM50 | 125 | 105 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50,56] | |
Die-cast AM50 | 105 | 95 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50] | |
Extruded AM60 | 70 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Die-cast AM60 | 80 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | 0.1 | 20 | 107 | 0.75 | [21] |
Die-cast AM60 | 73 | 53 | High humidity (80% RH) | 0.1 | 20 | 107 | 0.27 | [54] |
Extruded ZK60 | 180 | 158 | Sprayed 3.5% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [56] | |
Extruded WE43 | 110 | 40 | Simulated body fluid (SBF) | -1 | 10 | 107 | 0.64 | [46] |
As-cast EW75 | 120 | 80 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 106 | 0.33 | [26] |
As-cast EW75 | 120 | 60 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 5 | 106 | 0.50 | [26] |
Table 1 Summary of the fatigue strength of Mg alloys, related parameters and the reduction ratio of fatigue strength (RRFS). It should be noted that σair stands for fatigue strength in air, σCE stands for fatigue strength under different corrosive environments.
Materials | σair | σCE | Conditions | Stress ratio | Frequency (Hz) | Fatigue cycles | RRFS (σair-σCE)/σair | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extruded AZ31 | 120 | 50 | Dripping 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.58 | [23] |
Extruded AZ31 | 120 | 50 | Sprayed 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.58 | [53] |
Extruded AZ31B | 120 | 40 | Dripping 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 10-30 | 107 | 0.67 | [50] |
Extruded AZ31 | 135 | 108 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50,56] | |
Rolled AZ31 | 100 | 50 | Sprayed 3 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | 107 | 0.50 | [53] |
Rolled AZ31 | 90 | 25 | 3.5 wt% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | 0.1 | 30 | Air: 5 × 106; CE: 4 × 106 | [49] | |
Rolled AZ31 | 90 | 13 | 3.5 wt% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | 0.1 | 10 | Air: 5 × 106; CE: 2 × 106 | [49] | |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.85 | [48] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl (pH = 6.59) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.85 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 30 | Sprayed 5 wt% CaCl2 (pH = 8.07) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.78 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 150 | 110 | High humidity (80% RH) | -1 | 10 | 107 | 0.27 | [24] |
Extruded AZ61 | 135 | 105 | High humidity (80%-85% RH) | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.22 | [42] |
Extruded AZ61 | 80 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Extruded AZ80-T5 | 135 | 30 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 107 | 0.78 | [25] |
Extruded AZ80 | 150 | 50 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 60 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [51] | |
Extruded AZ80 | 100 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Die-cast AZ91 | 130 | 90 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50] | |
Die-cast AZ91 | 50 | 20 | Simulated body fluid (SBF) | -1 | 10 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [46] | |
Sand-cast AZ91D | 57 | 17 | Modified simulated body fluid (m-SBF) | -1 | 5 | Air: 107; CE: 5 × 105 | [45] | |
Extruded AM50 | 125 | 105 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50,56] | |
Die-cast AM50 | 105 | 95 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [50] | |
Extruded AM60 | 70 | 50 | Dripping distilled water | -1 | 20 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [55] | |
Die-cast AM60 | 80 | 20 | Sprayed 5 wt% NaCl | 0.1 | 20 | 107 | 0.75 | [21] |
Die-cast AM60 | 73 | 53 | High humidity (80% RH) | 0.1 | 20 | 107 | 0.27 | [54] |
Extruded ZK60 | 180 | 158 | Sprayed 3.5% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH)2 | -1 | 30 | Air: 107; CE: 106 | [56] | |
Extruded WE43 | 110 | 40 | Simulated body fluid (SBF) | -1 | 10 | 107 | 0.64 | [46] |
As-cast EW75 | 120 | 80 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 20 | 106 | 0.33 | [26] |
As-cast EW75 | 120 | 60 | Sprayed 3.5 wt% NaCl | -1 | 5 | 106 | 0.50 | [26] |
Fig. 5. Backscattered electron observation of surface morphologies of fatigue samples survived after 1 × 106 cycles in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution: (a) testing at a stress amplitude of 80 MPa and a loading frequency of 20 Hz; and (b) testing at a stress amplitude of 60 MPa and a loading frequency of 5 Hz [26].
Fig. 6. Backscattered electron images of the overall fracture surfaces of samples: (a) S1 and (b) S2, showing fatigue crack initiates from corrosion pits at the specimen surface; (c) S3 and (d) S4, showing multiple fatigue cracks initiated at corrosion pits. Three distinct regions of fatigue crack initiation, steady crack propagation and tearing areas are labeled as “A”, “B” and “C” in images (a-d), respectively [26].
Fig. 7. Observations to the fracture surface of sample S3. Images (a) and (b) are secondary and backscattered electron images of corrosion pits at multiple crack initiation sites of “A1”; Images (c) and (d) are backscattered electron images of “Region B” and “Region C”, respectively [26].
Fig. 13. Successive observations of the plated surface during the fatigue process in (a) laboratory air and (b) in purified water, at a stress amplitude of 140 MPa [101].
Fig. 15. SEM micrographs of fracture surfaces near crack initiation site of DLC-coated specimens tested in distilled water: (a) multilayer 3 μm coated, σ = 140 MPa, Nf = 1.13 × 105; (b) multilayer 12 μm coated, σ = 240 MPa, Nf = 2.21 × 105. It should be noted that corrosion pit or corrosion product can be clearly seen at the crack initiation site in image (a) [101].
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