J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 1572-1576.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2017.06.002
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Li Changsheng*(), Ma Biao, Song Yanlei, Zheng Jianjun, Wang Jikai
Received:
2016-11-25
Revised:
2017-02-10
Accepted:
2017-02-19
Online:
2017-12-20
Published:
2018-01-30
Contact:
Li Changsheng
Li Changsheng, Ma Biao, Song Yanlei, Zheng Jianjun, Wang Jikai. Grain refinement of non-magnetic austenitic steels during asymmetrical hot rolling process[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2017, 33(12): 1572-1576.
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Cr | N | V | Fe | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe-20Mn-4Al-0.3C | 0.298 | 0.45 | 20.56 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 4.11 | - | 0.015 | 0.11 | Bal. |
Fe-18Mn-18Cr-0.5N | 0.09 | 0.30 | 18.32 | 0.014 | 0.003 | - | 18.11 | 0.48 | 0.295 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of experimental steels.
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Cr | N | V | Fe | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe-20Mn-4Al-0.3C | 0.298 | 0.45 | 20.56 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 4.11 | - | 0.015 | 0.11 | Bal. |
Fe-18Mn-18Cr-0.5N | 0.09 | 0.30 | 18.32 | 0.014 | 0.003 | - | 18.11 | 0.48 | 0.295 | Bal. |
Sample | γ | TH (°C) | TS (°C) | TF (°C) | Rr (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe-20Mn-4Al-0.3C | N121 | 1.0 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 |
N122 | 1.1 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 | |
N123 | 1.2 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 | |
N113 | 1.2 | 1100 | 1050 | 1010 | 60 | |
N131 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 20 | |
N132 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 40 | |
N133 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 60 | |
N141 | 1.0 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
N142 | 1.1 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
N143 | 1.2 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
Fe-18Mn-18Cr-0.5N | N213 | 1.15 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 50 |
Table 2 Rolling parameters of experimental steels.
Sample | γ | TH (°C) | TS (°C) | TF (°C) | Rr (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe-20Mn-4Al-0.3C | N121 | 1.0 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 |
N122 | 1.1 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 | |
N123 | 1.2 | 1100 | 1000 | 940 | 60 | |
N113 | 1.2 | 1100 | 1050 | 1010 | 60 | |
N131 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 20 | |
N132 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 40 | |
N133 | 1.2 | 970 | 930 | 830 | 60 | |
N141 | 1.0 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
N142 | 1.1 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
N143 | 1.2 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 60 | |
Fe-18Mn-18Cr-0.5N | N213 | 1.15 | 970 | 860 | 750 | 50 |
Fig. 1. Microstructures on the upper surface and at the center of N121, N122, N123, N113, N133, N143, N131 and N132 steel during ASHR process (RD: rolling direction, scale bars for a1-d1 and a2-d2 are 100 μm, scale bars for e1-h1 and e2-h2 are 50 μm).
Fig. 2. Schematic illustration of physical metallurgical variation of N123 steel in cross shear region. The completely recrystallized fine grains are generated in the surface layer, and the mixture of deformed austenite and partially recrystallized grains are present together in the central layer of ASHR plate (v1: circular velocity of upper work roll; v2: circular velocity of bottom work roll).
Fig. 3 shows the Vickers microhardness distribution of ASHR plates, corresponding to N121, N122, N123, N141, N142, N143, respectively. An interesting phenomenon can be seen from Fig. 3(a) that the Vickers microhardness distribution along the thickness direction is in the form of parabola shape for N121, N122 and N123. It indicates that the fine grains on the surface of steel plate have been produced by intense shear deformation, and the Vickers microhardness of the surface layer is obviously lower than that of the center. Fig. 3(b) shows the distribution of Vickers microhardness with inverse parabola shape along the thickness direction for N141, N142 and N143. When the deformation temperature is below critical recrystallization temperature [17], the deformation work is stored in the form of vacancies, dislocation or other defects, instead of being released via recrystallization. Hence, the measured results of the Vickers microhardness are well in accordance with the grain size gradient distribution through the thickness of ASHR plates.
Fig. 3. Microhardness distribution along thickness direction of (a) N121, N122, N123 steels at rolling temperature of 1000 °C and (b) N141, N142, N143 steels at rolling temperature of 860 °C.
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