J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 541-550.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2016.11.009
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Li Gong, Bo Chen(), Zhanhui Du, Mengshu Zhang, Ruichang Liu, Kui Liu
Received:
2016-08-19
Revised:
2016-10-06
Accepted:
2016-10-31
Online:
2018-03-20
Published:
2018-03-20
Li Gong, Bo Chen, Zhanhui Du, Mengshu Zhang, Ruichang Liu, Kui Liu. Investigation of Solidification and Segregation Characteristics of Cast Ni-Base Superalloy K417G[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(3): 541-550.
Ni | C | Cr | Co | Mo | Al | Ti | V | Zr | B |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bal. | 0.16 | 8.99 | 9.98 | 3.06 | 5.23 | 4.37 | 0.78 | 0.016 | 0.023 |
Table 1 Chemical composition of K417G superalloy (wt%)
Ni | C | Cr | Co | Mo | Al | Ti | V | Zr | B |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bal. | 0.16 | 8.99 | 9.98 | 3.06 | 5.23 | 4.37 | 0.78 | 0.016 | 0.023 |
Tγ | Tcarbide | Tγ/γ′ eutectic | Tγ′ | Tliquidus | Tsolidus | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heating curve | 1355 | 1322 | ? | 1215 | ? | 1293 |
Cooling curve | 1333 | 1315 | 1290 | 1193 | 1333 | ? |
Table 2 Major phase transformation temperatures obtained from DSC measurement (°C)
Tγ | Tcarbide | Tγ/γ′ eutectic | Tγ′ | Tliquidus | Tsolidus | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heating curve | 1355 | 1322 | ? | 1215 | ? | 1293 |
Cooling curve | 1333 | 1315 | 1290 | 1193 | 1333 | ? |
Fig. 3. OM and corresponding volume fraction of the liquid phase from isothermal solidification experiments on K417G alloy revealing the microstructure evolution. Solid (S) and liquid (L) phases are clearly shown on samples quenched at: (a) 1350 °C; (b) 1340 °C; (c) 1300 °C; (d) 1290 °C and (e) 1270 °C.
Fig. 5. Precipitation process of carbides from isothermal solidification experiment at different isothermal temperatures: (a) and (b)1340 °C, (c) and (d) 1330 °C, (e) and (f) 1320 °C.
Fig. 6. TEM characterization of MC carbide in the sample quenched at 1280 °C: (a) the morphology of MC carbide; (b) selected-area diffraction corresponding (a); (c) EDS spectrum corresponding (a).
Fig. 8. Precipitation process of γ/γ′ eutectic from isothermal solidification experiment at different isothermal temperatures: (a) 1310 °C, (b) 1300 °C, (c) 1290 °C and (d) 1280 °C.
Fig. 9. SEM images of γ/γ′ eutectic in the sample quenched at 1300 °C: (a) γ/γ′ eutectic precipitating from the liquid phase; (b) the morphology of γ/γ′ eutectic at frontier of liquid.
Temperature | Al | Ti | Cr | Mo | V | Co | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1340 °C | Solid | 4.35 | 2.63 | 9.40 | 2.52 | 0.87 | 11.52 |
Liquid | 4.67 | 4.30 | 9.53 | 2.37 | 0.83 | 10.59 | |
k | 0.93 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 1.06 | 1.09 | |
1330 °C | Solid | 4.04 | 2.46 | 9.44 | 2.60 | 0.91 | 11.56 |
Liquid | 4.23 | 7.08 | 9.50 | 3.37 | 0.92 | 9.94 | |
k | 0.95 | 0.35 | 0.99 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 1.164 | |
1320 °C | Solid | 4.61 | 2.88 | 9.40 | 2.59 | 0.93 | 11.45 |
Liquid | 4.85 | 7.52 | 9.18 | 3.11 | 0.94 | 9.79 | |
k | 0.95 | 0.38 | 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 1.17 | |
1310 °C | Solid | 3.90 | 2.85 | 9.84 | 2.44 | 0.91 | 11.40 |
Liquid | 3.98 | 6.74 | 9.66 | 3.42 | 0.98 | 10.26 | |
k | 0.98 | 0.42 | 1.02 | 0.71 | 0.93 | 1.11 | |
1300 °C | Solid | 4.63 | 3.25 | 9.39 | 2.23 | 0.91 | 11.29 |
Liquid | 3.55 | 8.00 | 9.07 | 3.02 | 0.95 | 10.00 | |
k | 1.30 | 0.41 | 1.03 | 0.74 | 0.95 | 1.13 | |
1290 °C | Solid | 4.59 | 2.41 | 9.72 | 2.31 | 0.96 | 11.41 |
Liquid | 3.85 | 5.91 | 10.07 | 2.95 | 1.00 | 10.03 | |
k | 1.19 | 0.41 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.95 | 1.14 | |
1280 °C | Solid | 4.71 | 3.47 | 9.56 | 2.13 | 1.02 | 11.07 |
Liquid | 3.83 | 8.16 | 9.87 | 2.65 | 1.08 | 12.04 | |
k | 1.22 | 0.42 | 0.96 | 1.80 | 0.93 | 1.10 |
Table 3 Element segregation analysis of the quenched samples with different isothermal temperatures between solid and liquid phases (wt%)
Temperature | Al | Ti | Cr | Mo | V | Co | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1340 °C | Solid | 4.35 | 2.63 | 9.40 | 2.52 | 0.87 | 11.52 |
Liquid | 4.67 | 4.30 | 9.53 | 2.37 | 0.83 | 10.59 | |
k | 0.93 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 1.06 | 1.09 | |
1330 °C | Solid | 4.04 | 2.46 | 9.44 | 2.60 | 0.91 | 11.56 |
Liquid | 4.23 | 7.08 | 9.50 | 3.37 | 0.92 | 9.94 | |
k | 0.95 | 0.35 | 0.99 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 1.164 | |
1320 °C | Solid | 4.61 | 2.88 | 9.40 | 2.59 | 0.93 | 11.45 |
Liquid | 4.85 | 7.52 | 9.18 | 3.11 | 0.94 | 9.79 | |
k | 0.95 | 0.38 | 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 1.17 | |
1310 °C | Solid | 3.90 | 2.85 | 9.84 | 2.44 | 0.91 | 11.40 |
Liquid | 3.98 | 6.74 | 9.66 | 3.42 | 0.98 | 10.26 | |
k | 0.98 | 0.42 | 1.02 | 0.71 | 0.93 | 1.11 | |
1300 °C | Solid | 4.63 | 3.25 | 9.39 | 2.23 | 0.91 | 11.29 |
Liquid | 3.55 | 8.00 | 9.07 | 3.02 | 0.95 | 10.00 | |
k | 1.30 | 0.41 | 1.03 | 0.74 | 0.95 | 1.13 | |
1290 °C | Solid | 4.59 | 2.41 | 9.72 | 2.31 | 0.96 | 11.41 |
Liquid | 3.85 | 5.91 | 10.07 | 2.95 | 1.00 | 10.03 | |
k | 1.19 | 0.41 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.95 | 1.14 | |
1280 °C | Solid | 4.71 | 3.47 | 9.56 | 2.13 | 1.02 | 11.07 |
Liquid | 3.83 | 8.16 | 9.87 | 2.65 | 1.08 | 12.04 | |
k | 1.22 | 0.42 | 0.96 | 1.80 | 0.93 | 1.10 |
Fig. 12. Simulation results of K417G superalloy calculated by Thermo-Calc: (a) equilibrium phases and their weight fractions corresponding to different temperatures, (b) solidification sequence calculated by Scheil model.
DSC analysis | Isothermal solidification experiment | Equilibrium model | Scheil model | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liquidus | 1333 | 1345 | 1345 | 1345 |
solidus | 1293 | 1270 | 1296 | 1150 |
MC carbide formation | 1322 | 1330 | 1340 | 1330 |
γ/γ′ phase formation | 1290 | 1300 | ? | 1213 |
γ′ phase formation | 1215 | ? | 1219 | ? |
Table 4 Liquidus, solidus and the main phase transformation temperatures of K417G alloy obtained from DSC analysis, isothermal solidification experiment and Thermo-Calc simulations (°C)
DSC analysis | Isothermal solidification experiment | Equilibrium model | Scheil model | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liquidus | 1333 | 1345 | 1345 | 1345 |
solidus | 1293 | 1270 | 1296 | 1150 |
MC carbide formation | 1322 | 1330 | 1340 | 1330 |
γ/γ′ phase formation | 1290 | 1300 | ? | 1213 |
γ′ phase formation | 1215 | ? | 1219 | ? |
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